Erdenet
Эрдэнэт ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠲᠦ | |
---|---|
Bayan-Öndör District Баян-Өндөр сум ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠨᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠰᠤᠮᠤ | |
Coordinates: 49°01′40″N 104°02′40″E / 49.02778°N 104.04444°E | |
Country | Mongolia |
Province | Orkhon Province |
Founded | 1974 |
Area | |
• Total | 208.0 km2 (80.3 sq mi) |
Elevation | 1,280 m (4,200 ft) |
Population (2017) | |
• Total | 97,814 |
• Density | 470/km2 (1,200/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (Mongolian Standard Time) |
Area code | +976 7035 (7039) |
Vehicle registration | OP_ ( _ variable) |
Climate | Dwc |
Website |
www |
Erdenet ( Mongolian: Эрдэнэт, lit. 'with treasure') is the second-largest city in Mongolia, with a 2018 population of 98,057, and the capital of the aimag (province) of Orkhon. Located in the northern part of the country, it lies in a valley between the Selenge and Orkhon rivers about 240 km (149 mi) ( as the crow flies) northwest of Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan, the capital. The road length between Ulaanbaatar and Erdenet is about 370 km (230 mi).
Erdenet, one of the youngest settlements in Mongolia, was founded in 1974 [1] in an area where large deposits of copper had been discovered in the 1950s. A single-track railway line with a length of 120 km (75 mi) linking Erdenet to the Trans-Mongolian Railway was inaugurated in 1977. [2] In the middle of the 1980s, more than 50% of the inhabitants were Russians working as engineers or miners. After the fall of Soviet Communism in 1990, however, most Russians left Erdenet. Today, about 10% of the population is Russian. [1]
The city hosts the fourth largest copper mine in the world.[ citation needed] The Erdenet Mining Corporation is a joint Mongolian-Russian venture, and accounts for a majority of Mongolia's hard currency income. Erdenet mines 22.23 million tons of ore per year, producing 126,700 tons of copper and 1,954 tons of molybdenum. [3] The mine accounts for 13.5% of Mongolia's GDP and 7% of tax revenue. [4] About 8,000 people are employed in the mine. [5]
Erdenet is linked to Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, and to the towns of Darkhan and Bulgan by a paved road and is easily accessible by bus several times each day. The distance to the capital where the nearest airport is situated amounts to 370 km (230 mi) and travel by car takes about eight hours. Train connections between Erdenet and Ulaanbaatar are less comfortable as there is only one train per day covering the distance in 11 hours.[ citation needed]
1975 est. |
1979 census |
1981 est. |
1985 est. |
1989 census |
1994 est. |
2000 census |
2003 est. |
2004 est. |
2005 est. |
2006 est. |
2007 est. |
2008 est. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4,100 | 31,900 | 38,700 | 45,400 | 56,100 | 63,000 | 68,310 | 78,882 | 80,858 | 81,249 | 83,160 | 85,121 | 86,866 |
Erdenet has a cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification: BSk). Summers are typically warm and rainy with cool nights, while winters are long, very cold, and dry.
Climate data for Erdenet (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) |
10.0 (50.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
27.9 (82.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
37.5 (99.5) |
39.0 (102.2) |
40.0 (104.0) |
34.9 (94.8) |
29.5 (85.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
11.0 (51.8) |
40.0 (104.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.5 (−1.3) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
20.2 (68.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−16.3 (2.7) |
1.8 (35.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −36.2 (−33.2) |
−36.0 (−32.8) |
−27.6 (−17.7) |
−17.0 (1.4) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−28.7 (−19.7) |
−39.3 (−38.7) |
−39.3 (−38.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.5 (0.10) |
2.8 (0.11) |
5.4 (0.21) |
8.6 (0.34) |
21.3 (0.84) |
56.5 (2.22) |
62.2 (2.45) |
51.5 (2.03) |
24.3 (0.96) |
9.6 (0.38) |
7.1 (0.28) |
4.9 (0.19) |
256.7 (10.11) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 48.4 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 73.5 | 69.3 | 61.6 | 47.5 | 46.3 | 55.9 | 60.1 | 58.0 | 53.9 | 55.0 | 64.5 | 71.1 | 59.7 |
Source: NOAA [14] |
Erdenet is twinned with:
City | Region | Country |
---|---|---|
Fairbanks | Alaska | United States |
Ulan-Ude | Buryatia | Russia |
Edremit [15] | Balıkesir | Turkey |
Székesfehérvár [16] | Fejér County | Hungary |
Erdenet
Эрдэнэт ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠲᠦ | |
---|---|
Bayan-Öndör District Баян-Өндөр сум ᠪᠠᠶ᠋ᠠᠨᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠰᠤᠮᠤ | |
Coordinates: 49°01′40″N 104°02′40″E / 49.02778°N 104.04444°E | |
Country | Mongolia |
Province | Orkhon Province |
Founded | 1974 |
Area | |
• Total | 208.0 km2 (80.3 sq mi) |
Elevation | 1,280 m (4,200 ft) |
Population (2017) | |
• Total | 97,814 |
• Density | 470/km2 (1,200/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (Mongolian Standard Time) |
Area code | +976 7035 (7039) |
Vehicle registration | OP_ ( _ variable) |
Climate | Dwc |
Website |
www |
Erdenet ( Mongolian: Эрдэнэт, lit. 'with treasure') is the second-largest city in Mongolia, with a 2018 population of 98,057, and the capital of the aimag (province) of Orkhon. Located in the northern part of the country, it lies in a valley between the Selenge and Orkhon rivers about 240 km (149 mi) ( as the crow flies) northwest of Ulaanbaatar, Darkhan, the capital. The road length between Ulaanbaatar and Erdenet is about 370 km (230 mi).
Erdenet, one of the youngest settlements in Mongolia, was founded in 1974 [1] in an area where large deposits of copper had been discovered in the 1950s. A single-track railway line with a length of 120 km (75 mi) linking Erdenet to the Trans-Mongolian Railway was inaugurated in 1977. [2] In the middle of the 1980s, more than 50% of the inhabitants were Russians working as engineers or miners. After the fall of Soviet Communism in 1990, however, most Russians left Erdenet. Today, about 10% of the population is Russian. [1]
The city hosts the fourth largest copper mine in the world.[ citation needed] The Erdenet Mining Corporation is a joint Mongolian-Russian venture, and accounts for a majority of Mongolia's hard currency income. Erdenet mines 22.23 million tons of ore per year, producing 126,700 tons of copper and 1,954 tons of molybdenum. [3] The mine accounts for 13.5% of Mongolia's GDP and 7% of tax revenue. [4] About 8,000 people are employed in the mine. [5]
Erdenet is linked to Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, and to the towns of Darkhan and Bulgan by a paved road and is easily accessible by bus several times each day. The distance to the capital where the nearest airport is situated amounts to 370 km (230 mi) and travel by car takes about eight hours. Train connections between Erdenet and Ulaanbaatar are less comfortable as there is only one train per day covering the distance in 11 hours.[ citation needed]
1975 est. |
1979 census |
1981 est. |
1985 est. |
1989 census |
1994 est. |
2000 census |
2003 est. |
2004 est. |
2005 est. |
2006 est. |
2007 est. |
2008 est. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4,100 | 31,900 | 38,700 | 45,400 | 56,100 | 63,000 | 68,310 | 78,882 | 80,858 | 81,249 | 83,160 | 85,121 | 86,866 |
Erdenet has a cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification: BSk). Summers are typically warm and rainy with cool nights, while winters are long, very cold, and dry.
Climate data for Erdenet (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) |
10.0 (50.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
27.9 (82.2) |
35.2 (95.4) |
37.5 (99.5) |
39.0 (102.2) |
40.0 (104.0) |
34.9 (94.8) |
29.5 (85.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
11.0 (51.8) |
40.0 (104.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.5 (−1.3) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
20.2 (68.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−16.3 (2.7) |
1.8 (35.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −36.2 (−33.2) |
−36.0 (−32.8) |
−27.6 (−17.7) |
−17.0 (1.4) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−17.5 (0.5) |
−28.7 (−19.7) |
−39.3 (−38.7) |
−39.3 (−38.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.5 (0.10) |
2.8 (0.11) |
5.4 (0.21) |
8.6 (0.34) |
21.3 (0.84) |
56.5 (2.22) |
62.2 (2.45) |
51.5 (2.03) |
24.3 (0.96) |
9.6 (0.38) |
7.1 (0.28) |
4.9 (0.19) |
256.7 (10.11) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 48.4 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 73.5 | 69.3 | 61.6 | 47.5 | 46.3 | 55.9 | 60.1 | 58.0 | 53.9 | 55.0 | 64.5 | 71.1 | 59.7 |
Source: NOAA [14] |
Erdenet is twinned with:
City | Region | Country |
---|---|---|
Fairbanks | Alaska | United States |
Ulan-Ude | Buryatia | Russia |
Edremit [15] | Balıkesir | Turkey |
Székesfehérvár [16] | Fejér County | Hungary |