The species epithet, willana, honours
Eileen Alice Willa who collected many algal species for Lindauer.[1]
Description
This species is chocolate brown in colour and is darker than all other bull kelp species.[4][5] It has a branched stipe.[3] The species is non-buoyant and does not have 'honeycomb' in its fronds.[3][4] The holdfast becomes large and spreads like a plate on rocky substrates.[6]
This species is superficially similar in appearance to Durvillaea antarctica.[6] However, D. willana has smaller blades than D. antarctica and is usually found lower on the shoreline because its lower tolerance of wave action comparded D. antarctica.[6] It also has a branched stipe and does not have buoyant fronds, unlike D. antarctica.[3]
Images of Durvillaea willana
D. willana growing on
Taieri Island, showing the distinctive branched stipe and dark colouration
D. willana surrounded by other Durvillaea on Taieri Island, Otago
Many D. willana growing at Watsons Beach, Otago
Prepared specimen of D. willana
Distribution
This species of kelp is endemic to New Zealand and is found on the southeastern shores of the North Island, although not in Cook Strait, as well as on the shores of the South Island and Stewart Island.[1][2][3][4][7][8]
Gaps in the geographic range of the species may have been caused by earthquake uplift events such as the
1855 Wairarapa earthquake.[4] However, historic uplift (800 – 1400 years before present) in the
Akatore fault zone does not seem to have caused any long term disruption in the genetic diversity of D. willana, in that region.[8] This result suggests that the subtidal D. willana may not die-off completely due to earthquake uplift events.[8]
^
abcdeHay, Cameron H. (2019). "Seashore uplift and the distribution of the bull kelp Durvillaea willana Lindauer in New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 2019 (2): 94–117.
doi:
10.1080/0028825X.2019.1679842.
S2CID208593399.
^Carson, Sally Fraser; Morris, Rod (2017). Collins field guide to the New Zealand seashore. Auckland, New Zealand: Harper Collins. p. 357.
ISBN9781775540106.
OCLC1012909625.
^
abcBradstock, M. C. (1989). Between the tides : New Zealand shore and estuary life (Rev. ed.). Auckland, N.Z.: David Bateman Ltd.
ISBN1869530055.
OCLC154713066.
The species epithet, willana, honours
Eileen Alice Willa who collected many algal species for Lindauer.[1]
Description
This species is chocolate brown in colour and is darker than all other bull kelp species.[4][5] It has a branched stipe.[3] The species is non-buoyant and does not have 'honeycomb' in its fronds.[3][4] The holdfast becomes large and spreads like a plate on rocky substrates.[6]
This species is superficially similar in appearance to Durvillaea antarctica.[6] However, D. willana has smaller blades than D. antarctica and is usually found lower on the shoreline because its lower tolerance of wave action comparded D. antarctica.[6] It also has a branched stipe and does not have buoyant fronds, unlike D. antarctica.[3]
Images of Durvillaea willana
D. willana growing on
Taieri Island, showing the distinctive branched stipe and dark colouration
D. willana surrounded by other Durvillaea on Taieri Island, Otago
Many D. willana growing at Watsons Beach, Otago
Prepared specimen of D. willana
Distribution
This species of kelp is endemic to New Zealand and is found on the southeastern shores of the North Island, although not in Cook Strait, as well as on the shores of the South Island and Stewart Island.[1][2][3][4][7][8]
Gaps in the geographic range of the species may have been caused by earthquake uplift events such as the
1855 Wairarapa earthquake.[4] However, historic uplift (800 – 1400 years before present) in the
Akatore fault zone does not seem to have caused any long term disruption in the genetic diversity of D. willana, in that region.[8] This result suggests that the subtidal D. willana may not die-off completely due to earthquake uplift events.[8]
^
abcdeHay, Cameron H. (2019). "Seashore uplift and the distribution of the bull kelp Durvillaea willana Lindauer in New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 2019 (2): 94–117.
doi:
10.1080/0028825X.2019.1679842.
S2CID208593399.
^Carson, Sally Fraser; Morris, Rod (2017). Collins field guide to the New Zealand seashore. Auckland, New Zealand: Harper Collins. p. 357.
ISBN9781775540106.
OCLC1012909625.
^
abcBradstock, M. C. (1989). Between the tides : New Zealand shore and estuary life (Rev. ed.). Auckland, N.Z.: David Bateman Ltd.
ISBN1869530055.
OCLC154713066.