| Submission declined on 29 March 2024 by
The Herald (
talk). This submission is not adequately supported by
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| Submission declined on 6 January 2024 by
Lewcm (
talk). This submission is not adequately supported by
reliable sources. Reliable sources are required so that information can be
verified. If you need help with referencing, please see
Referencing for beginners and
Citing sources. | |
Comment: Lede, history and description sections are totally uncited. Need more references overall.
The Herald (Benison) (
talk) 04:09, 29 March 2024 (UTC)
Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) is the transmission of Ethernet over a pair of copper wires and allows for both data transmission via Ethernet and simultaneous power supply to devices.
History
SPE, as a two-wire Ethernet interface 100BASE-T1 with 100 Mbit/s, was developed for automotive applications under the name BroadR-Reach. By reducing it to only one twisted pair of wires with a maximum length of 15 m or 49 ft (unshielded) or 40 m or 130 ft (shielded), it achieved a lighter weight and reduced cable space requirement.
Description
Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) is designed as a seamless IP-based communication from the sensor or actuator to the cloud, with a unified protocol standard for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
In smart devices, there is increasingly less space available for connectors, which need to provide both power and data transmission. SPE reduces system costs for components and installation, as well as the weight and complexity of cabling, compared to traditional multi-pair CAT5 Ethernet wiring. It is used in industrial, automation, and building technology applications. Additionally, it can replace fieldbuses such as CAN bus and Profibus. The major advantage is that it eliminates the need for gateways to convert to other communication protocols, as required in a fieldbus system. Existing two-wire cable infrastructures can still be utilized.
Ethernet with TCP/IP and TSN Time-Sensitive Networking enables real-time data transmission with significantly higher data rates, encryption, and features for systems with functional safety. Ethernet APL Advanced Physical Layer, for applications in factory and process automation, allows for use in explosion/ hazardous areas (Ex-Zone 0, 1, and 2).
OSI-Modell
Single Pair Ethernet is a part of physical layer in OSI model.
| OSI-layer (de) | OSI-Schicht (en) | Protocol | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Application | EtherNet/IP, HART-IP, OPC UA, Profinet, http, SafetyNET p, Sercos III, Modbus/TCP, EtherCAT | ||||
| 6 | Presentation | |||||
| 5 | Session | |||||
| 4 | Transport | UDP, TCP | ||||
| 3 | Network | IP | ||||
| 2 | Data Link | IEEE 802 Ethernet | CSMA/CD, RTE, TSN | |||
| 1 | Physical | Single Pair Ethernet | ||||
IEEE 802.3 SPE Standards
| IEEE 802.3 Standard | Name | Transfer rate | Communication | Range | Network topology | Line code | Modulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 802.3bp-2016 [1] | 1000BASE-T1 | 1000 Mbit/s | full duplex | Typ A 15 m or 49 ft Type B 40 m or 130 ft |
Point-to-Point | 80B/81B | PAM-3 |
| 802.3bw-2015 [2] | 100BASE-T1 | 100 Mbit/s | full duplex | Typ A 15 m or 49 ft Type B 40 m or 130 ft |
Point-to-Point | 3B2T, 4B3B | PAM-3 |
| 802.3cg-2019 [3] | 10BASE-T1S | 10 Mbit/s | half duplex (full duplex) |
25 m or 82 ft 15 m or 49 ft |
Multidrop bus (Point-to-Point) |
4B5B | DM |
| 802.3cg-2019 [3] | 10BASE-T1L Ethernet-APL |
10 Mbit/s SPE | full duplex | 1,000 m or 3,300 ft (shielded) | Point-to-Point PoDL |
4B3T | PAM-3 |
| 802.3ch-2020 [4] | MultiGigBASE-T1 | 2.5, 5, 10 Gbit/s | full duplex | 15 m or 49 ft (shielded) | Point-to-Point PoDL |
||
| 802.3cy-2023 [5] | MultiGigBASE-T1 | 25, 50, 100 Gbit/s | full duplex | <15 m or 49 ft (shielded) | Point-to-Point | ||
| 802.3da [6] | 10BASE-T1M planed |
10 Mbit/s | half duplex (full duplex) |
50 m or 160 ft | Multidrop bus (Point-to-Point) |
4B5B | DME |
| 802.3dg [7] | 100BASE-T1 1000BASE-T1 planed |
100 Mbit/s | full duplex | 500 m or 1,600 ft | Point-to-Point | PAM-3 |
| IEEE 802.3 Standard | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 802.3bu-2016 [8] | Power over Data Lines (PoDL) | SPE adjustable power supply from 0.5 to 50 watts in ten increments |
Connector for SPE
For the application areas of automotive, aviation, and industry, connectors are used that are specifically tailored to each respective application. In this section, two-wire Ethernet-APL (Advanced Physical Layer) for process automation and industry connectors of the IEC 63171 specification are described.
Ethernet-APL connector
Der Ethernet-APL [9] connector consists of a rectangular screw-spring terminal block housing with three marked connection ports.
| Pin | Symbol | Color | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | „+“ | red | APL signal + |
| 2 | „-“ | green | APL signal - |
| 3 | S | n/a |
Degrees of protection
Depending on their mechanical design, the connectors meet the degrees of protection IP20 to IP67 (or better).
MICE Classifications ISO/IEC 11801 2-3
The MICE classification describes the typical usage location based on the connector's resistance to mechanical stress (M mechanical), ingress of foreign objects (I ingress), resistance to climatic and chemical influences (C chemical), and immunity to electromagnetic interference (E EMI).
- MICE1: Office environment EN 50173-1
- MICE2: Industrial factory halls EN 50173-3
- MICE3: Industrial production machines EN 50173-3
In publications, a long notation can also be found, for example M1/I1/C1/E1 for MICE1.
European standard EN 50173: Information technology — Generic cabling systems. 1995.
IEC 63171 specifications
Three alliances were formed for SPE connector systems, which made proposals for standardization to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC): the SPE System Alliance, the SPE Industrial Partner Network, and the TIA Single Pair Ethernet Consortium (SPEC). The general electrical requirements for the interfaces can be found in the basic standard IEC 63171. The design of the mating faces, dimensions, and mechanical properties of the connectors are described in the subordinated standards series -1 to -7. [10]
| IEC 63171 Standards | Description | Plug format | Ingress Protection code | Allianz |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IEC 63171-1:2020 [11] | SPE-connector from CommScope based on format of LC-connectorsSteckverbinders for MICE1-applications. | Rectangle (LC) | IP20 | TIA Single Pair Ethernet Consortium (SPEC) |
| IEC 63171-2:2022 [12] | SPE-connector from Reichle&De-Massari for use in office environments and MICE1 applications. | Rectangle | IP20 | SPE System Alliance |
| IEC 63171-3 | SPE-connector from Siemon based on a pair of Tera connectors for MICE1 applications. | no longer an active standard | ||
| IEC 63171-4:2022 [13] | SPE-connector from BKS for MICE1-applications. | Rectangle | IP20 | - |
| IEC 63171-5:2023 [14] | SPE-connector from Phoenix Contact developed, based on the IEC 63171-2 standard for MICE2 and MICE3 applications. | Rectangle, M8, M12 | IP67 | SPE System Alliance |
| IEC 63171-6:2021 [15] | SPE-connector from Harting, Hirose und TE Connectivity developed for MICE2 and MICE3 applications. | M8, M12 | IP20, IP67 | SPE Industrial Partner Network |
| IEC 63171-7:2023 [16] | M12 Power-Hybrid SPE-connector for comined data- and power supply developed by Phoenix Contact, Harting and TE Connectivity for MICE2 and MICE3 applications.
Power ratings from 8A to 16A and from 50V to 600V |
M12 | IP67 | SPE System Alliance SPE Industrial Partner Network |
Since October 2021, the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) Single Pair Ethernet Consortium has been collaborating with the SPE System Alliance.
Cable for Industrial-SPE
Cables for Industrial-SPE consist of two conductors for signal transmission with a shared shield. The typical range for conductor cross-sections is from American wire gauge (AWG) 26 (0.13 mm²) to AWG 18 (0.8 mm²). Larger cross-sections are required for power transmission over data lines (PODL power over data line), especially for long cable lengths (10BaseT1L).
Colors of conductor insulation and designation:
| Wire color | PMA Signal |
|
BI_DA+ |
|
BI_DA- |
References
- ^ "IEEE P802.3bp 1000BASE-T1 PHY Task Force". 2016-07-29. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3bw 100BASE-T1 Task Force". 2015-10-27. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ a b "IEEE P802.3cg 10 Mb/s Single Pair Ethernet Task Force". 2019-11-07. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE 802.3 Multi-Gig Automotive Ethernet PHY Task Force". 2020-06-04. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3cy Greater than 10 Gb/s Electrical Automotive Ethernet Task Force". 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3da 10 Mb/s Single Pair Multidrop Segments Enhancement Task Force". Retrieved 2024-01-05.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3dg 100 Mb/s Single Pair Ethernet Task Force". Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3bu 1-Pair Power over Data Lines (PoDL) Task Force". 2016-12-07. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "Ethernet-APL (Advanced Physical Layer)". Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ "Single Pair Ethernet - standardization landscape". Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ "IEC 63171-1:2020". 2020-04-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "DIN IEC 63171-2 VDE 0627-171-2:2022-10". 2022-10-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEC 63171-4:2022". 2022-09-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "DIN EN IEC 63171-5 VDE 0627-171-5:2023-07". 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEC 63171-6:2021". 2021-10-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEC 63171-7:2023". 2023-05-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
External links
Category:Ethernet Category:Industrial Ethernet Category:Ethernet cables
| Submission declined on 29 March 2024 by
The Herald (
talk). This submission is not adequately supported by
reliable sources. Reliable sources are required so that information can be
verified. If you need help with referencing, please see
Referencing for beginners and
Citing sources.
Where to get help
How to improve a draft
You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Editor resources
| |
| Submission declined on 6 January 2024 by
Lewcm (
talk). This submission is not adequately supported by
reliable sources. Reliable sources are required so that information can be
verified. If you need help with referencing, please see
Referencing for beginners and
Citing sources. | |
- Comment: Lede, history and description sections are totally uncited. Need more references overall.
The Herald (Benison) (
talk) 04:09, 29 March 2024 (UTC)
Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) is the transmission of Ethernet over a pair of copper wires and allows for both data transmission via Ethernet and simultaneous power supply to devices.
History
SPE, as a two-wire Ethernet interface 100BASE-T1 with 100 Mbit/s, was developed for automotive applications under the name BroadR-Reach. By reducing it to only one twisted pair of wires with a maximum length of 15 m or 49 ft (unshielded) or 40 m or 130 ft (shielded), it achieved a lighter weight and reduced cable space requirement.
Description
Single Pair Ethernet (SPE) is designed as a seamless IP-based communication from the sensor or actuator to the cloud, with a unified protocol standard for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
In smart devices, there is increasingly less space available for connectors, which need to provide both power and data transmission. SPE reduces system costs for components and installation, as well as the weight and complexity of cabling, compared to traditional multi-pair CAT5 Ethernet wiring. It is used in industrial, automation, and building technology applications. Additionally, it can replace fieldbuses such as CAN bus and Profibus. The major advantage is that it eliminates the need for gateways to convert to other communication protocols, as required in a fieldbus system. Existing two-wire cable infrastructures can still be utilized.
Ethernet with TCP/IP and TSN Time-Sensitive Networking enables real-time data transmission with significantly higher data rates, encryption, and features for systems with functional safety. Ethernet APL Advanced Physical Layer, for applications in factory and process automation, allows for use in explosion/ hazardous areas (Ex-Zone 0, 1, and 2).
OSI-Modell
Single Pair Ethernet is a part of physical layer in OSI model.
| OSI-layer (de) | OSI-Schicht (en) | Protocol | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Application | EtherNet/IP, HART-IP, OPC UA, Profinet, http, SafetyNET p, Sercos III, Modbus/TCP, EtherCAT | ||||
| 6 | Presentation | |||||
| 5 | Session | |||||
| 4 | Transport | UDP, TCP | ||||
| 3 | Network | IP | ||||
| 2 | Data Link | IEEE 802 Ethernet | CSMA/CD, RTE, TSN | |||
| 1 | Physical | Single Pair Ethernet | ||||
IEEE 802.3 SPE Standards
| IEEE 802.3 Standard | Name | Transfer rate | Communication | Range | Network topology | Line code | Modulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 802.3bp-2016 [1] | 1000BASE-T1 | 1000 Mbit/s | full duplex | Typ A 15 m or 49 ft Type B 40 m or 130 ft |
Point-to-Point | 80B/81B | PAM-3 |
| 802.3bw-2015 [2] | 100BASE-T1 | 100 Mbit/s | full duplex | Typ A 15 m or 49 ft Type B 40 m or 130 ft |
Point-to-Point | 3B2T, 4B3B | PAM-3 |
| 802.3cg-2019 [3] | 10BASE-T1S | 10 Mbit/s | half duplex (full duplex) |
25 m or 82 ft 15 m or 49 ft |
Multidrop bus (Point-to-Point) |
4B5B | DM |
| 802.3cg-2019 [3] | 10BASE-T1L Ethernet-APL |
10 Mbit/s SPE | full duplex | 1,000 m or 3,300 ft (shielded) | Point-to-Point PoDL |
4B3T | PAM-3 |
| 802.3ch-2020 [4] | MultiGigBASE-T1 | 2.5, 5, 10 Gbit/s | full duplex | 15 m or 49 ft (shielded) | Point-to-Point PoDL |
||
| 802.3cy-2023 [5] | MultiGigBASE-T1 | 25, 50, 100 Gbit/s | full duplex | <15 m or 49 ft (shielded) | Point-to-Point | ||
| 802.3da [6] | 10BASE-T1M planed |
10 Mbit/s | half duplex (full duplex) |
50 m or 160 ft | Multidrop bus (Point-to-Point) |
4B5B | DME |
| 802.3dg [7] | 100BASE-T1 1000BASE-T1 planed |
100 Mbit/s | full duplex | 500 m or 1,600 ft | Point-to-Point | PAM-3 |
| IEEE 802.3 Standard | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 802.3bu-2016 [8] | Power over Data Lines (PoDL) | SPE adjustable power supply from 0.5 to 50 watts in ten increments |
Connector for SPE
For the application areas of automotive, aviation, and industry, connectors are used that are specifically tailored to each respective application. In this section, two-wire Ethernet-APL (Advanced Physical Layer) for process automation and industry connectors of the IEC 63171 specification are described.
Ethernet-APL connector
Der Ethernet-APL [9] connector consists of a rectangular screw-spring terminal block housing with three marked connection ports.
| Pin | Symbol | Color | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | „+“ | red | APL signal + |
| 2 | „-“ | green | APL signal - |
| 3 | S | n/a |
Degrees of protection
Depending on their mechanical design, the connectors meet the degrees of protection IP20 to IP67 (or better).
MICE Classifications ISO/IEC 11801 2-3
The MICE classification describes the typical usage location based on the connector's resistance to mechanical stress (M mechanical), ingress of foreign objects (I ingress), resistance to climatic and chemical influences (C chemical), and immunity to electromagnetic interference (E EMI).
- MICE1: Office environment EN 50173-1
- MICE2: Industrial factory halls EN 50173-3
- MICE3: Industrial production machines EN 50173-3
In publications, a long notation can also be found, for example M1/I1/C1/E1 for MICE1.
European standard EN 50173: Information technology — Generic cabling systems. 1995.
IEC 63171 specifications
Three alliances were formed for SPE connector systems, which made proposals for standardization to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC): the SPE System Alliance, the SPE Industrial Partner Network, and the TIA Single Pair Ethernet Consortium (SPEC). The general electrical requirements for the interfaces can be found in the basic standard IEC 63171. The design of the mating faces, dimensions, and mechanical properties of the connectors are described in the subordinated standards series -1 to -7. [10]
| IEC 63171 Standards | Description | Plug format | Ingress Protection code | Allianz |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IEC 63171-1:2020 [11] | SPE-connector from CommScope based on format of LC-connectorsSteckverbinders for MICE1-applications. | Rectangle (LC) | IP20 | TIA Single Pair Ethernet Consortium (SPEC) |
| IEC 63171-2:2022 [12] | SPE-connector from Reichle&De-Massari for use in office environments and MICE1 applications. | Rectangle | IP20 | SPE System Alliance |
| IEC 63171-3 | SPE-connector from Siemon based on a pair of Tera connectors for MICE1 applications. | no longer an active standard | ||
| IEC 63171-4:2022 [13] | SPE-connector from BKS for MICE1-applications. | Rectangle | IP20 | - |
| IEC 63171-5:2023 [14] | SPE-connector from Phoenix Contact developed, based on the IEC 63171-2 standard for MICE2 and MICE3 applications. | Rectangle, M8, M12 | IP67 | SPE System Alliance |
| IEC 63171-6:2021 [15] | SPE-connector from Harting, Hirose und TE Connectivity developed for MICE2 and MICE3 applications. | M8, M12 | IP20, IP67 | SPE Industrial Partner Network |
| IEC 63171-7:2023 [16] | M12 Power-Hybrid SPE-connector for comined data- and power supply developed by Phoenix Contact, Harting and TE Connectivity for MICE2 and MICE3 applications.
Power ratings from 8A to 16A and from 50V to 600V |
M12 | IP67 | SPE System Alliance SPE Industrial Partner Network |
Since October 2021, the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) Single Pair Ethernet Consortium has been collaborating with the SPE System Alliance.
Cable for Industrial-SPE
Cables for Industrial-SPE consist of two conductors for signal transmission with a shared shield. The typical range for conductor cross-sections is from American wire gauge (AWG) 26 (0.13 mm²) to AWG 18 (0.8 mm²). Larger cross-sections are required for power transmission over data lines (PODL power over data line), especially for long cable lengths (10BaseT1L).
Colors of conductor insulation and designation:
| Wire color | PMA Signal |
|
|
BI_DA+ |
|
|
BI_DA- |
References
- ^ "IEEE P802.3bp 1000BASE-T1 PHY Task Force". 2016-07-29. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3bw 100BASE-T1 Task Force". 2015-10-27. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ a b "IEEE P802.3cg 10 Mb/s Single Pair Ethernet Task Force". 2019-11-07. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE 802.3 Multi-Gig Automotive Ethernet PHY Task Force". 2020-06-04. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3cy Greater than 10 Gb/s Electrical Automotive Ethernet Task Force". 2023-06-29. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3da 10 Mb/s Single Pair Multidrop Segments Enhancement Task Force". Retrieved 2024-01-05.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3dg 100 Mb/s Single Pair Ethernet Task Force". Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ "IEEE P802.3bu 1-Pair Power over Data Lines (PoDL) Task Force". 2016-12-07. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "Ethernet-APL (Advanced Physical Layer)". Retrieved 2023-05-23.
- ^ "Single Pair Ethernet - standardization landscape". Retrieved 2023-01-25.
- ^ "IEC 63171-1:2020". 2020-04-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "DIN IEC 63171-2 VDE 0627-171-2:2022-10". 2022-10-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEC 63171-4:2022". 2022-09-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "DIN EN IEC 63171-5 VDE 0627-171-5:2023-07". 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEC 63171-6:2021". 2021-10-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
- ^ "IEC 63171-7:2023". 2023-05-01. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
External links
Category:Ethernet Category:Industrial Ethernet Category:Ethernet cables