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Comment: Google Scholar does find the topic, but it appears be
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FiddleTimtrent
FaddleTalk to me 🇺🇦 12:14, 1 November 2023 (UTC)
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Evolutionary Systems Therapy for Schizotypy (ESTS) is an experimental therapeutic process that integrates evolutionary psychiatry. [1], metacognitively oriented therapy [2], and compassion focused therapy [3]. ESTS attempts to help those with clinical manifestations of schizotypy [4] - and specifically schizotypal personality disorder (StPD) - to increase their feeling of safety in interpersonal relationships and interpreting their own thoughts and the thoughts of others [5]. ESTS posits that those with high levels of openness to experience and introversion would have been exposed to a heightened risk of clinical manifestiations of schizotypy when dealing with traumatic experiences (such as child maltreatment) [6] [7] [8].
Empirical support
ESTS is an experimental therapy that has been pilot-tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and in a few cases series [9]. An RCT showed how ESTS was as effective as a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and psychopharmacotherapy in treating those with StPD [5]. Despite these results are promising, confirmatory trial on large sample size is needed to provide evidence about effectiveness of ESTS [10]
In practice
ESTS is an integrative form of therapy that consists of four modules. The first module aims to share with the patient an evolutionary conceptualization of StPD and promote a working alliance. The patient’s life history is explored to determine if early temperament was characterized by openness and introversion, and how these traits may have incurred in a perceived judgmental environment. Consequently, the patient may have experienced critical beliefs about self and others leading to a defensive stance in the form of schizotypal traits. In the second and third module, change is promoted by exploring and widening the self-to-self and self-to-other relationships, respectively. Different narrative, relational and experiential techniques are used. The last module aims at consolidating changes achieved and preventing relapses.
References
- ^ Brüne, Martin (September 2016). "Textbook of Evolutionary Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine". Oxford Clinical Psychology. doi: 10.1093/med:psych/9780198717942.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-871794-2.
- ^ Dimaggio, Giancarlo; Lysaker, Paul H., eds. (2010-04-05). Metacognition and Severe Adult Mental Disorders. doi: 10.4324/9780203855782. ISBN 9781136999994.
- ^ Paul Gilbert; Simos, Gregoris, eds. (2022-02-28). Compassion Focused Therapy: Clinical Practice and Applications. London: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781003035879. ISBN 978-1-003-03587-9. S2CID 263453556.
- ^ Kwapil, T. R.; Barrantes-Vidal, N. (2015-03-01). "Schizotypy: Looking Back and Moving Forward". Schizophrenia Bulletin. 41 (suppl 2): S366–S373. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbu186. ISSN 0586-7614. PMC 4373633. PMID 25548387.
- ^ a b Cheli, Simone; Cavalletti, Veronica; Lysaker, Paul H.; Dimaggio, Giancarlo; Petrocchi, Nicola; Chiarello, Francesca; Enzo, Consuelo; Velicogna, Francesco; Mancini, Francesco; Goldzweig, Gil (2023-02-20). "A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing a novel compassion and metacognition approach for schizotypal personality disorder with a combination of cognitive therapy and psychopharmacological treatment". BMC Psychiatry. 23 (1): 113. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04610-5. ISSN 1471-244X. PMC 9942388. PMID 36803673.
- ^ Cheli, Simone (2023-01-01). "An evolutionary look at oddity and schizotypy: How the rise of social brain informs clinical practice". New Ideas in Psychology. 68: 100993. doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100993. ISSN 0732-118X. S2CID 253354254.
- ^ Toutountzidis, Diamantis; Gale, Tim M.; Irvine, Karen; Sharma, Shivani; Laws, Keith R. (2022-06-29). "Childhood trauma and schizotypy in non-clinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis". PLOS ONE. 17 (6): e0270494. Bibcode: 2022PLoSO..1770494T. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270494. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9242513. PMID 35767584.
- ^ Bucher, Meredith A.; Samuel, Douglas B. (November 2022). "Mapping a hierarchical dimensional structure of high experiential permeability: A bass-ackward approach to linking positive schizotypy and openness to experience". Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment. 13 (6): 629–640. doi: 10.1037/per0000537. ISSN 1949-2723. PMID 34941349. S2CID 245444944.
- ^ "CBT and Psychopharmacological Treatment Combined with a Novel Compassion & Metacognition Approach for SPD". www.physiciansweekly.com. March 2023. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
- ^ Nouvelles (2023-03-02). "TCC et traitement psychopharmacologique combinés à une nouvelle approche de compassion et de métacognition pour le SPD". Nouvelles Du Monde. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
| Submission declined on 1 November 2023 by
Timtrent (
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| |
- Comment: Google Scholar does find the topic, but it appears be
WP:TOOSOON to. be ablate judge notability. Very few citations published papers 🇺🇦
FiddleTimtrent
FaddleTalk to me 🇺🇦 12:14, 1 November 2023 (UTC)
| This article has multiple issues. Please help
improve it or discuss these issues on the
talk page. (
Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
|
Evolutionary Systems Therapy for Schizotypy (ESTS) is an experimental therapeutic process that integrates evolutionary psychiatry. [1], metacognitively oriented therapy [2], and compassion focused therapy [3]. ESTS attempts to help those with clinical manifestations of schizotypy [4] - and specifically schizotypal personality disorder (StPD) - to increase their feeling of safety in interpersonal relationships and interpreting their own thoughts and the thoughts of others [5]. ESTS posits that those with high levels of openness to experience and introversion would have been exposed to a heightened risk of clinical manifestiations of schizotypy when dealing with traumatic experiences (such as child maltreatment) [6] [7] [8].
Empirical support
ESTS is an experimental therapy that has been pilot-tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and in a few cases series [9]. An RCT showed how ESTS was as effective as a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and psychopharmacotherapy in treating those with StPD [5]. Despite these results are promising, confirmatory trial on large sample size is needed to provide evidence about effectiveness of ESTS [10]
In practice
ESTS is an integrative form of therapy that consists of four modules. The first module aims to share with the patient an evolutionary conceptualization of StPD and promote a working alliance. The patient’s life history is explored to determine if early temperament was characterized by openness and introversion, and how these traits may have incurred in a perceived judgmental environment. Consequently, the patient may have experienced critical beliefs about self and others leading to a defensive stance in the form of schizotypal traits. In the second and third module, change is promoted by exploring and widening the self-to-self and self-to-other relationships, respectively. Different narrative, relational and experiential techniques are used. The last module aims at consolidating changes achieved and preventing relapses.
References
- ^ Brüne, Martin (September 2016). "Textbook of Evolutionary Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine". Oxford Clinical Psychology. doi: 10.1093/med:psych/9780198717942.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-871794-2.
- ^ Dimaggio, Giancarlo; Lysaker, Paul H., eds. (2010-04-05). Metacognition and Severe Adult Mental Disorders. doi: 10.4324/9780203855782. ISBN 9781136999994.
- ^ Paul Gilbert; Simos, Gregoris, eds. (2022-02-28). Compassion Focused Therapy: Clinical Practice and Applications. London: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781003035879. ISBN 978-1-003-03587-9. S2CID 263453556.
- ^ Kwapil, T. R.; Barrantes-Vidal, N. (2015-03-01). "Schizotypy: Looking Back and Moving Forward". Schizophrenia Bulletin. 41 (suppl 2): S366–S373. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbu186. ISSN 0586-7614. PMC 4373633. PMID 25548387.
- ^ a b Cheli, Simone; Cavalletti, Veronica; Lysaker, Paul H.; Dimaggio, Giancarlo; Petrocchi, Nicola; Chiarello, Francesca; Enzo, Consuelo; Velicogna, Francesco; Mancini, Francesco; Goldzweig, Gil (2023-02-20). "A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing a novel compassion and metacognition approach for schizotypal personality disorder with a combination of cognitive therapy and psychopharmacological treatment". BMC Psychiatry. 23 (1): 113. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04610-5. ISSN 1471-244X. PMC 9942388. PMID 36803673.
- ^ Cheli, Simone (2023-01-01). "An evolutionary look at oddity and schizotypy: How the rise of social brain informs clinical practice". New Ideas in Psychology. 68: 100993. doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100993. ISSN 0732-118X. S2CID 253354254.
- ^ Toutountzidis, Diamantis; Gale, Tim M.; Irvine, Karen; Sharma, Shivani; Laws, Keith R. (2022-06-29). "Childhood trauma and schizotypy in non-clinical samples: A systematic review and meta-analysis". PLOS ONE. 17 (6): e0270494. Bibcode: 2022PLoSO..1770494T. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270494. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 9242513. PMID 35767584.
- ^ Bucher, Meredith A.; Samuel, Douglas B. (November 2022). "Mapping a hierarchical dimensional structure of high experiential permeability: A bass-ackward approach to linking positive schizotypy and openness to experience". Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment. 13 (6): 629–640. doi: 10.1037/per0000537. ISSN 1949-2723. PMID 34941349. S2CID 245444944.
- ^ "CBT and Psychopharmacological Treatment Combined with a Novel Compassion & Metacognition Approach for SPD". www.physiciansweekly.com. March 2023. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
- ^ Nouvelles (2023-03-02). "TCC et traitement psychopharmacologique combinés à une nouvelle approche de compassion et de métacognition pour le SPD". Nouvelles Du Monde. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
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