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Business Model Ontology (BMO) delves into the intricate workings of the enterprise economy, offering a structured description of the principle setup and way of functioning of every industrial enterprise as a systemic object and a systemic subject.. [1] Business Model Ontology is concerned with the comprehensive study of the structural organization, the functioning and the necessary cognitive base of the industrial enterprise [2]. The BMO integrates various elements of economic science into a universal model, aiming to enhance understanding and management of the economy within the enterprise.
The history of BMO is marked by the progression of scientific management, initiated by visionaries like Henry Towne and Frederick Taylor in 1886, leading to subsequent waves of understanding through figures such as Walter Shewhart, William Deming, Joseph Juran (1930s - 1950s), and Joseph Orlicky, Oliver Wight (1970s-1990s), culminating in the contributions of Peter Bachvarov and Anna Videva (1997-present) [3] [4].
Formal descriptions of the enterprise become the building blocks for enterprise modeling. Many different business models exist; Bachvarov's and Videva's 2010 theoretical foundation [5] and their 2012 terminological foundation [6] propose a single ontological model based on the similarities of a wide range of industrial enterprises. With their business model ontology, an enterprise can easily describe all its objects, subjects, trajectories, etc. as a means for more efficient management, modeling and optimizations. [2]
BMO comprises three essential components: theory, terminology, and technology. The theory formulates a systemic understanding of all elements and processes within an enterprise as it describes the ontology of the enterprise. The terminology establishes a hierarchical system of terms for precise communication, while the technology, manifested as a holistic ERP system, encompasses and applies the theory and terminology in digital software [5] [6].
The theory is a system of interrelated formulas covering object modeling, object trajectory modeling, technological environment modeling, partnership modeling, and industrial enterprise trajectory modeling. [5]
Bachvarov and Videva's Business Model Ontology utilizes two cognitive platforms. The Industrial Cross defining an enterprise as a systemic object comprised of the five technological systems: Supplies, Internal provision of sales, Sales, Financing, and Implementation of the technological environment [5]:30-33, and the Industrial Cognition Tree, delineating the hierarchical structure of the enterprise's cognitive base in five levels: Foundational Cognitions, Functional Cognitions, Principle Cognitions, Implementational Cognitions, Existential Cognitions [5]:34-37
The terminology of BMO consists of terms and concepts that attempt to shape a scientific language to describe the industrial enterprise. The concepts are divided into different tiers with a hierarchical relationship between them [6].
The first tier within the terminology of BMO consists of basic concepts such as object, subject, space, time, environment of existence of an object, and so on. The second tier consists of concepts based on the first tier, such as process, object trajectory, or modeling. The fifth and final tier within the terminology of BMO defines the term Economy of the Industrial Enterprise. [6]
The holistic ERP system, based on BMO, ensures efficient management through seven interconnected functional information spaces. It overcomes limiting module constructs and follows principles like integration architecture [7], intersystemicity [8], unified approach [8] [9], operation in real-time [10], modeling in variants and time intervals [11], single and set management [12], and feedback.
The roots of Business Model Ontology are laid between the late 19th century and early 20th century, arising from the imperative need for comprehensive knowledge regarding the principles of industrial enterprise management. Visionaries like Henry Towne [13] and Frederick Taylor [14] laid the groundwork and understanding of operational modeling in the late 1800s. [3] [15]
The evolution of BMO persisted through successive development waves, each addressing specific gaps in knowledge related to production management, quality control, and computer-integrated modeling ( MRP I and MRP II). This evolution was led by pioneers such as Walter Shewhart [16], William Deming [17] and Joseph Juran [18] between 1930s and 1950s and Joseph Orlicky [19] and Oliver Wight [20] between 1970s and 1990s. [3]
In 1997, Peter Bachvarov began formalizing the Business Model Ontology theory in collaboration with Anna Videva. Together, they built upon the previous development waves and created a qualitative understanding of the principles setup and way of functioning of the industrial enterprises in an 800-page theory of Business Model Ontology.
As of 2023, the term Business Model Ontology began gaining traction, notably propelled by the dissemination of scholarly works through esteemed platforms such as Tsinghua University [21] the European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI) [22] and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [23]. This nascent surge in popularity reflects a growing acknowledgement within academic and professional circles, positioning Business Model Ontology as an emerging and influential concept. SEFI and IEEE publications have played a crucial role in catalyzing this momentum, highlighting the framework's relevance in the realms of business and engineering education.
Practical results of BMO since 2009 include large-scale industrial reengineering, lean manufacturing, quality management system implementation, and enhanced enterprise engineering. [1]:63-71. Notably, a case study (2021-2023) showcased a 50% increase in turnover, 127% in value-added, 50% in average salary, and 357% in profit over 14 months through BMO implementation. [23]
Critics argue that due to the specificity of each business model, creating a universal model for the principle setup and functioning of industrial enterprises, similar to the detailed anatomical and physiological model of the human body, would be challenging, if not impossible. Instead, "as managers, we have to search for similarities in best practices" and not scientific management [24]
This article incorporates text by ITFES Foundation available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
Submission declined on 18 November 2023 by
WikiOriginal-9 (
talk). This draft's references do not show that the subject
qualifies for a Wikipedia article. In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are:
This submission reads more like an
essay than an encyclopedia article. Submissions should summarise information in
secondary, reliable sources and not contain opinions or
original research. Please write about the topic from a
neutral point of view in an
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You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Editor resources
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Submission declined on 4 November 2023 by
Wingwatchers (
talk).
Copyvio detector shows very likely plagiarism, and it is supposed to show unlikely plagiarism; huge bodies of paragraph are not cited; various aspects of this draft including the Practical Application section appears to not conform to an encyclopedic tone Declined by
Wingwatchers 6 months ago. |
A major contributor to this article appears to have a
close connection with its subject. (October 2023) |
Business Model Ontology (BMO) delves into the intricate workings of the enterprise economy, offering a structured description of the principle setup and way of functioning of every industrial enterprise as a systemic object and a systemic subject.. [1] Business Model Ontology is concerned with the comprehensive study of the structural organization, the functioning and the necessary cognitive base of the industrial enterprise [2]. The BMO integrates various elements of economic science into a universal model, aiming to enhance understanding and management of the economy within the enterprise.
The history of BMO is marked by the progression of scientific management, initiated by visionaries like Henry Towne and Frederick Taylor in 1886, leading to subsequent waves of understanding through figures such as Walter Shewhart, William Deming, Joseph Juran (1930s - 1950s), and Joseph Orlicky, Oliver Wight (1970s-1990s), culminating in the contributions of Peter Bachvarov and Anna Videva (1997-present) [3] [4].
Formal descriptions of the enterprise become the building blocks for enterprise modeling. Many different business models exist; Bachvarov's and Videva's 2010 theoretical foundation [5] and their 2012 terminological foundation [6] propose a single ontological model based on the similarities of a wide range of industrial enterprises. With their business model ontology, an enterprise can easily describe all its objects, subjects, trajectories, etc. as a means for more efficient management, modeling and optimizations. [2]
BMO comprises three essential components: theory, terminology, and technology. The theory formulates a systemic understanding of all elements and processes within an enterprise as it describes the ontology of the enterprise. The terminology establishes a hierarchical system of terms for precise communication, while the technology, manifested as a holistic ERP system, encompasses and applies the theory and terminology in digital software [5] [6].
The theory is a system of interrelated formulas covering object modeling, object trajectory modeling, technological environment modeling, partnership modeling, and industrial enterprise trajectory modeling. [5]
Bachvarov and Videva's Business Model Ontology utilizes two cognitive platforms. The Industrial Cross defining an enterprise as a systemic object comprised of the five technological systems: Supplies, Internal provision of sales, Sales, Financing, and Implementation of the technological environment [5]:30-33, and the Industrial Cognition Tree, delineating the hierarchical structure of the enterprise's cognitive base in five levels: Foundational Cognitions, Functional Cognitions, Principle Cognitions, Implementational Cognitions, Existential Cognitions [5]:34-37
The terminology of BMO consists of terms and concepts that attempt to shape a scientific language to describe the industrial enterprise. The concepts are divided into different tiers with a hierarchical relationship between them [6].
The first tier within the terminology of BMO consists of basic concepts such as object, subject, space, time, environment of existence of an object, and so on. The second tier consists of concepts based on the first tier, such as process, object trajectory, or modeling. The fifth and final tier within the terminology of BMO defines the term Economy of the Industrial Enterprise. [6]
The holistic ERP system, based on BMO, ensures efficient management through seven interconnected functional information spaces. It overcomes limiting module constructs and follows principles like integration architecture [7], intersystemicity [8], unified approach [8] [9], operation in real-time [10], modeling in variants and time intervals [11], single and set management [12], and feedback.
The roots of Business Model Ontology are laid between the late 19th century and early 20th century, arising from the imperative need for comprehensive knowledge regarding the principles of industrial enterprise management. Visionaries like Henry Towne [13] and Frederick Taylor [14] laid the groundwork and understanding of operational modeling in the late 1800s. [3] [15]
The evolution of BMO persisted through successive development waves, each addressing specific gaps in knowledge related to production management, quality control, and computer-integrated modeling ( MRP I and MRP II). This evolution was led by pioneers such as Walter Shewhart [16], William Deming [17] and Joseph Juran [18] between 1930s and 1950s and Joseph Orlicky [19] and Oliver Wight [20] between 1970s and 1990s. [3]
In 1997, Peter Bachvarov began formalizing the Business Model Ontology theory in collaboration with Anna Videva. Together, they built upon the previous development waves and created a qualitative understanding of the principles setup and way of functioning of the industrial enterprises in an 800-page theory of Business Model Ontology.
As of 2023, the term Business Model Ontology began gaining traction, notably propelled by the dissemination of scholarly works through esteemed platforms such as Tsinghua University [21] the European Society for Engineering Education (SEFI) [22] and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [23]. This nascent surge in popularity reflects a growing acknowledgement within academic and professional circles, positioning Business Model Ontology as an emerging and influential concept. SEFI and IEEE publications have played a crucial role in catalyzing this momentum, highlighting the framework's relevance in the realms of business and engineering education.
Practical results of BMO since 2009 include large-scale industrial reengineering, lean manufacturing, quality management system implementation, and enhanced enterprise engineering. [1]:63-71. Notably, a case study (2021-2023) showcased a 50% increase in turnover, 127% in value-added, 50% in average salary, and 357% in profit over 14 months through BMO implementation. [23]
Critics argue that due to the specificity of each business model, creating a universal model for the principle setup and functioning of industrial enterprises, similar to the detailed anatomical and physiological model of the human body, would be challenging, if not impossible. Instead, "as managers, we have to search for similarities in best practices" and not scientific management [24]
This article incorporates text by ITFES Foundation available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license.
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