^Meigen, J.W. (1830). Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäische n zweiflugeligen Insekten. Hamm: Sechster Theil. Schulz. pp. xi + 401 +[3] pp.
^Mathis, W.N.; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995). "World catalog of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae)". Memoirs of Entomology, International. 4: 1–423.
^
abMalloch, J.R. (1934). "Diptera [Drosophilidae, Ephydridae, Sphaeroceridae and Milichiidae]". Insects of Samoa. 6: 267–328.
^
abMathis, Wayne Neilsen; Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz (2010). "New Species and Taxonomic Clarifications for Shore Flies from the Delmarva States (Diptera: Ephydridae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 112 (1): 97–128.
doi:
10.4289/0013-8797-112.1.97.
S2CID85133404.
^Meigen, J.W. (1830). Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäische n zweiflugeligen Insekten. Hamm: Sechster Theil. Schulz. pp. xi + 401 +[3] pp.
^Mathis, W.N.; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995). "World catalog of shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae)". Memoirs of Entomology, International. 4: 1–423.
^
abMalloch, J.R. (1934). "Diptera [Drosophilidae, Ephydridae, Sphaeroceridae and Milichiidae]". Insects of Samoa. 6: 267–328.
^
abMathis, Wayne Neilsen; Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz (2010). "New Species and Taxonomic Clarifications for Shore Flies from the Delmarva States (Diptera: Ephydridae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 112 (1): 97–128.
doi:
10.4289/0013-8797-112.1.97.
S2CID85133404.