Formation | October 1954 |
---|---|
Founded at | Petersburg, Virginia |
Dissolved | July 17, 1967 |
Headquarters | Richmond, Virginia |
Services | advocacy for strict segregation |
Membership (1955) | 12,000 |
President | Richard Crawford |
The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political group dedicated to strict segregation in Virginia schools. In June 1955 it published its Plan for Virginia. [1] The words of Richard Crawford, president of the Defenders, are recognizable today as dog-whistle politics. [2]
The Defenders advocated an amendment to the state constitution to allow the creation of state tuition vouchers and to withdraw state funding for integrated schools. A ballot measure on January 9, 1956, passed by a vote of 304,154 to 146,164. [3] [4]
The organization was disbanded July 17, 1967. [3]
My organization is no more ready to accept a little bit of integration than we were four years ago, because as soon as we accept a little bit of integration, we come off the high plane of state's rights and recognize the authority of the Supreme Court.
Formation | October 1954 |
---|---|
Founded at | Petersburg, Virginia |
Dissolved | July 17, 1967 |
Headquarters | Richmond, Virginia |
Services | advocacy for strict segregation |
Membership (1955) | 12,000 |
President | Richard Crawford |
The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political group dedicated to strict segregation in Virginia schools. In June 1955 it published its Plan for Virginia. [1] The words of Richard Crawford, president of the Defenders, are recognizable today as dog-whistle politics. [2]
The Defenders advocated an amendment to the state constitution to allow the creation of state tuition vouchers and to withdraw state funding for integrated schools. A ballot measure on January 9, 1956, passed by a vote of 304,154 to 146,164. [3] [4]
The organization was disbanded July 17, 1967. [3]
My organization is no more ready to accept a little bit of integration than we were four years ago, because as soon as we accept a little bit of integration, we come off the high plane of state's rights and recognize the authority of the Supreme Court.