| Headache vine | |
|---|---|
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| |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Ranunculaceae |
| Genus: | Clematis |
| Species: | C. glycinoides
|
| Binomial name | |
| Clematis glycinoides | |
| Synonyms [3] | |
|
Homotypic synonyms
Heterotypic synonyms | |
Clematis glycinoides, commonly known as headache vine, is a shrub or climber of the family Ranunculaceae, found in eastern Australia [4] and New Caledonia. [5]
Description
Clematis glycinoides is a woody-stemmed vine that can reach 15 m (49 ft) long, [6] with simple lanceolate (spear-shaped) to oblong leaves that are 1.5–12 cm (0.59–4.72 in) long by 1–8 cm (0.39–3.15 in) wide. The cream-white flowers appear from July to December, although these are most abundant in September. [7] The species is dioecious: the plants have either male or female flowers. The seedheads have several feathery 'tails' up to 6 centimetres (2.4 in) long. [8]
Taxonomy
Augustin Pyramus de Candolle described the species in 1817, based on a specimen from the herbarium of Sir Joseph Banks. [9] The species gains its common name from its folk use as a supposed remedy for headaches. The aroma from the crushed leaves is inhaled, appearing to relieve headaches as a result of the highly irritant properties of the resulting fumes. This process was explained by herbalist Cheryll Williams:
The uncomfortable sensation of breathing in the ammonia-like fumes has been described as "the head 'exploding', the eyes 'watering' and intense irritation of the nasal passages" – such that the initial headache was quickly forgotten. [10] [11]
Two varieties are recognised—C. glycinoides glycinoides and C. glycinoides submutica. [4]
Distribution
C. glycinoides is found in Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria. It grows in woodland, forests and rainforests, [4] on basalt, limestone, shale or sandstone soils with good drainage. Open forest species that it grows under include grey myrtle ( Backhousia myrtifolia), grey ironbark ( Eucalyptus paniculata) and manna gum ( E. viminalis), as well as floodplain forest trees such as cabbage gum ( Eucalyptus amplifolia) and broad-leaved apple ( Angophora subvelutina). [7]
Honeybees visit the flowers. [7]
C. glycinoides is possibly not as vigorous as other Clematis in cultivation, and requires moist conditions to do well. Its white flowers are considered to be an attractive feature. [12]
References
- ^ "Species profile—Clematis glycinoides". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2022. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ "Clematis glycinoides". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Clematis glycinoides DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Briggs, Barbara G.; Makinson, Robert O. (Bob) (1990). "Clematis glycinoides DC". Plantnet – New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- ^ Low, Tim (2014), "New Caledonia: Australia's special neighbour", Wildlife Australia, 51 (4): 18–22, ISSN 0043-5481
- ^ "Clematis glycinoides". Morwell National Park Online. Morwell National Park. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ a b c Benson, Doug; McDougall, Lyn (2000). "Ecology of Sydney Plant Species Part 7b: Dicotyledon families Proteaceae to Rubiaceae" (PDF). Cunninghamia. 6 (4): 1017–1202 [1131]. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2009.
- ^ "Clematis glycinoides". Yarra Ranges Local Plant Directory. Yarra Ranges Shire Council. 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ de Candolle, Augustin Pyramus (1817). Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale. Vol. 1. Paris, France: Treuttel et Würtz. pp. 145–46.
- ^ Sultanbawa; Yasmina & Fazal (2016). Australian Native Plants: Cultivation and Uses in the Health and Food Industries. CRC Press. p. 180. ISBN 9781482257151.
- ^ Williams, Cheryll (2013), Medicinal Plants in Australia, vol. 4: An Antipodean Apothecary, Rosenberg Publishing, p. 110, ISBN 9781925078084
- ^ Elliot Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (1984). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation:Volume 3 – Ce-Er. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 46. ISBN 0-85091-167-2.
| Headache vine | |
|---|---|
|
| |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Ranunculaceae |
| Genus: | Clematis |
| Species: | C. glycinoides
|
| Binomial name | |
| Clematis glycinoides | |
| Synonyms [3] | |
|
Homotypic synonyms
Heterotypic synonyms | |
Clematis glycinoides, commonly known as headache vine, is a shrub or climber of the family Ranunculaceae, found in eastern Australia [4] and New Caledonia. [5]
Description
Clematis glycinoides is a woody-stemmed vine that can reach 15 m (49 ft) long, [6] with simple lanceolate (spear-shaped) to oblong leaves that are 1.5–12 cm (0.59–4.72 in) long by 1–8 cm (0.39–3.15 in) wide. The cream-white flowers appear from July to December, although these are most abundant in September. [7] The species is dioecious: the plants have either male or female flowers. The seedheads have several feathery 'tails' up to 6 centimetres (2.4 in) long. [8]
Taxonomy
Augustin Pyramus de Candolle described the species in 1817, based on a specimen from the herbarium of Sir Joseph Banks. [9] The species gains its common name from its folk use as a supposed remedy for headaches. The aroma from the crushed leaves is inhaled, appearing to relieve headaches as a result of the highly irritant properties of the resulting fumes. This process was explained by herbalist Cheryll Williams:
The uncomfortable sensation of breathing in the ammonia-like fumes has been described as "the head 'exploding', the eyes 'watering' and intense irritation of the nasal passages" – such that the initial headache was quickly forgotten. [10] [11]
Two varieties are recognised—C. glycinoides glycinoides and C. glycinoides submutica. [4]
Distribution
C. glycinoides is found in Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria. It grows in woodland, forests and rainforests, [4] on basalt, limestone, shale or sandstone soils with good drainage. Open forest species that it grows under include grey myrtle ( Backhousia myrtifolia), grey ironbark ( Eucalyptus paniculata) and manna gum ( E. viminalis), as well as floodplain forest trees such as cabbage gum ( Eucalyptus amplifolia) and broad-leaved apple ( Angophora subvelutina). [7]
Honeybees visit the flowers. [7]
C. glycinoides is possibly not as vigorous as other Clematis in cultivation, and requires moist conditions to do well. Its white flowers are considered to be an attractive feature. [12]
References
- ^ "Species profile—Clematis glycinoides". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2022. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ "Clematis glycinoides". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Clematis glycinoides DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Briggs, Barbara G.; Makinson, Robert O. (Bob) (1990). "Clematis glycinoides DC". Plantnet – New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- ^ Low, Tim (2014), "New Caledonia: Australia's special neighbour", Wildlife Australia, 51 (4): 18–22, ISSN 0043-5481
- ^ "Clematis glycinoides". Morwell National Park Online. Morwell National Park. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ a b c Benson, Doug; McDougall, Lyn (2000). "Ecology of Sydney Plant Species Part 7b: Dicotyledon families Proteaceae to Rubiaceae" (PDF). Cunninghamia. 6 (4): 1017–1202 [1131]. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2009.
- ^ "Clematis glycinoides". Yarra Ranges Local Plant Directory. Yarra Ranges Shire Council. 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2016.
- ^ de Candolle, Augustin Pyramus (1817). Regni Vegetabilis Systema Naturale. Vol. 1. Paris, France: Treuttel et Würtz. pp. 145–46.
- ^ Sultanbawa; Yasmina & Fazal (2016). Australian Native Plants: Cultivation and Uses in the Health and Food Industries. CRC Press. p. 180. ISBN 9781482257151.
- ^ Williams, Cheryll (2013), Medicinal Plants in Australia, vol. 4: An Antipodean Apothecary, Rosenberg Publishing, p. 110, ISBN 9781925078084
- ^ Elliot Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (1984). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation:Volume 3 – Ce-Er. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 46. ISBN 0-85091-167-2.