Chicken manure is the feces of chickens used as an organic fertilizer, especially for soil low in nitrogen. [1] Of all animal manures, it has the highest amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. [2] Chicken manure is sometimes pelletized for use as a fertilizer, and this product may have additional phosphorus, potassium or nitrogen added. [3] Optimal storage conditions for chicken manure include keeping it in a covered area and retaining its liquid, because a significant amount of nitrogen exists in the urine. [4]
Fresh chicken manure contains 0.5% [5] to 0.9% nitrogen, [6] 0.4% [4] to 0.5% phosphorus, [5] and 1.2% to 1.7% potassium. [5] One chicken produces approximately 8 to 11 pounds (3.6 to 5.0 kg) of manure monthly. [6] Chicken manure can be used to create homemade plant fertilizer. [6]
In 1986, a master's thesis study in the Philippines compared the effects of using various fertilizers to enhance milkfish production in brackish water ponds. [7] The study compared the use of using chicken manure only, cow manure only, 16-20-0 fertilizer only, a mixture of cow manure and 16-20-0 fertilizer, a mixture of chicken manure and 16-20-0 fertilizer, and a control group that used no fertilizer. [7] The study concluded that the use of cow manure only as a fertilizer fared best, and the use of chicken manure only as a fertilizer fared second best. [7]
Mass applications of chicken manure may create an unpleasant odor. In April 2014 in Escondido, California, a golf course that had "dumped" chicken manure on its grounds was cited by the county government after complaints from local residents about the odor. [8]
In December 2011, the environmental group Environment Maryland asserted that water runoff from agricultural land fertilized with chicken manure was increasing the pollution levels of Chesapeake Bay. [9] The group asserted that excessive phosphorus from the runoff was contributing to the increase of dead zones in the bay. [9] In 2015, in efforts to address the matter before leaving office, Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley put a new regulation into use that "would have limited the amount of poultry manure that Eastern Shore farmers can use on their fields". [10] However, the following Governor Larry Hogan quickly absolved the new regulation after being sworn into office. [10] The runoff problem has been attributed to the use of "an outdated scientific tool for calculating the correct amount of manure". [10] A proposed solution from scientists at the University of Maryland is to have farmers use a new (corrected) formula to calculate proper quantities of chicken manure for agricultural uses. [10]
Chicken manure has been used as a human deterrent. In July 2013, in Abbotsford, British Columbia, city workers applied chicken manure at a tent encampment to deter homeless people from the area. [11] The affected homeless planned on initiating small claims lawsuits for loss of property and property damage. [11] One of the affected homeless people described the tactics of city workers as "a chicken shit way to do things". [12] The mayor of Abbotsford and the Fraser Valley city manager later apologized regarding the incident. [11] [13] Similar instances of using chicken manure in this manner have occurred in British Columbia in Surrey and in Port Coquitlam, the latter of which occurred "shortly after the Abbotsford incident". [11]
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Chicken manure is the feces of chickens used as an organic fertilizer, especially for soil low in nitrogen. [1] Of all animal manures, it has the highest amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. [2] Chicken manure is sometimes pelletized for use as a fertilizer, and this product may have additional phosphorus, potassium or nitrogen added. [3] Optimal storage conditions for chicken manure include keeping it in a covered area and retaining its liquid, because a significant amount of nitrogen exists in the urine. [4]
Fresh chicken manure contains 0.5% [5] to 0.9% nitrogen, [6] 0.4% [4] to 0.5% phosphorus, [5] and 1.2% to 1.7% potassium. [5] One chicken produces approximately 8 to 11 pounds (3.6 to 5.0 kg) of manure monthly. [6] Chicken manure can be used to create homemade plant fertilizer. [6]
In 1986, a master's thesis study in the Philippines compared the effects of using various fertilizers to enhance milkfish production in brackish water ponds. [7] The study compared the use of using chicken manure only, cow manure only, 16-20-0 fertilizer only, a mixture of cow manure and 16-20-0 fertilizer, a mixture of chicken manure and 16-20-0 fertilizer, and a control group that used no fertilizer. [7] The study concluded that the use of cow manure only as a fertilizer fared best, and the use of chicken manure only as a fertilizer fared second best. [7]
Mass applications of chicken manure may create an unpleasant odor. In April 2014 in Escondido, California, a golf course that had "dumped" chicken manure on its grounds was cited by the county government after complaints from local residents about the odor. [8]
In December 2011, the environmental group Environment Maryland asserted that water runoff from agricultural land fertilized with chicken manure was increasing the pollution levels of Chesapeake Bay. [9] The group asserted that excessive phosphorus from the runoff was contributing to the increase of dead zones in the bay. [9] In 2015, in efforts to address the matter before leaving office, Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley put a new regulation into use that "would have limited the amount of poultry manure that Eastern Shore farmers can use on their fields". [10] However, the following Governor Larry Hogan quickly absolved the new regulation after being sworn into office. [10] The runoff problem has been attributed to the use of "an outdated scientific tool for calculating the correct amount of manure". [10] A proposed solution from scientists at the University of Maryland is to have farmers use a new (corrected) formula to calculate proper quantities of chicken manure for agricultural uses. [10]
Chicken manure has been used as a human deterrent. In July 2013, in Abbotsford, British Columbia, city workers applied chicken manure at a tent encampment to deter homeless people from the area. [11] The affected homeless planned on initiating small claims lawsuits for loss of property and property damage. [11] One of the affected homeless people described the tactics of city workers as "a chicken shit way to do things". [12] The mayor of Abbotsford and the Fraser Valley city manager later apologized regarding the incident. [11] [13] Similar instances of using chicken manure in this manner have occurred in British Columbia in Surrey and in Port Coquitlam, the latter of which occurred "shortly after the Abbotsford incident". [11]
{{
cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
link)