| Great Basin wood-nymph | |
|---|---|
| |
| Cercyonis sthenele paulus, male | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Cercyonis |
| Species: | C. sthenele
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cercyonis sthenele (
Boisduval, 1852)
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Cercyonis sthenele, the Great Basin wood-nymph, is a North American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
Description
It is dark brown with two eyespots on the forewing with the upper larger than the lower. [3]
The wingspan measures 39–44 mm (1.5–1.7 in). Its flight period is from late June to late August. [4] It is found in arid woodland, especially pinyon-juniper, chaparral and brushland habitats. [1]
Similar species
- Common wood-nymph (Cercyonis pegala) – larger, eyespots similar in size
- Small wood-nymph (Cercyonis oetus) – lacks lower eyespot in males, lower eyespot is closer to margin than upper eyespot in females [4]
Subspecies
The following subspecies are recognised: [5]
- †C. s. behrii (F. Grinnell, 1905)
- C. s. hypoleuca Hawks and J. Emmel, 1998
- C. s. masoni Cross, 1937
- C. s. paulus (Edwards, 1879)
- C. s. silvestris Edwards, 1861
- C. s. sineocellata Austin and J. Emmel in T. Emmel, 1998
- †C. s. sthenele (Boisduval, 1852) - nominate subspecies endemic to San Francisco Peninsula, now extinct [6] [7]
Distribution
C. sthenele ranges over much of the western United States and reaches to southern British Columbia, Canada. [4]
Larval host plants
Larvae feed on various species of grass. The first instar hibernates. [4]
References
- ^ a b "Cercyonis sthenele". explorer.natureserve.org.
- ^ [1] Butterflies of America
- ^ Brock, Jim P.; Kaufman, Kenn (2003). Butterflies of North America. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-15312-8.
- ^ a b c d "Great Basin Wood-nymph". Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility. 2002. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
- ^ "Cercyonis Scudder, 1875" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
- ^ "ITIS Report: Cercyonis sthenele sthenele (Boisduval, 1852)". ITIS. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
- ^ "Cercyonis sthenele sthenele. NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
| Great Basin wood-nymph | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Cercyonis sthenele paulus, male | |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Cercyonis |
| Species: | C. sthenele
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cercyonis sthenele (
Boisduval, 1852)
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Cercyonis sthenele, the Great Basin wood-nymph, is a North American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
Description
It is dark brown with two eyespots on the forewing with the upper larger than the lower. [3]
The wingspan measures 39–44 mm (1.5–1.7 in). Its flight period is from late June to late August. [4] It is found in arid woodland, especially pinyon-juniper, chaparral and brushland habitats. [1]
Similar species
- Common wood-nymph (Cercyonis pegala) – larger, eyespots similar in size
- Small wood-nymph (Cercyonis oetus) – lacks lower eyespot in males, lower eyespot is closer to margin than upper eyespot in females [4]
Subspecies
The following subspecies are recognised: [5]
- †C. s. behrii (F. Grinnell, 1905)
- C. s. hypoleuca Hawks and J. Emmel, 1998
- C. s. masoni Cross, 1937
- C. s. paulus (Edwards, 1879)
- C. s. silvestris Edwards, 1861
- C. s. sineocellata Austin and J. Emmel in T. Emmel, 1998
- †C. s. sthenele (Boisduval, 1852) - nominate subspecies endemic to San Francisco Peninsula, now extinct [6] [7]
Distribution
C. sthenele ranges over much of the western United States and reaches to southern British Columbia, Canada. [4]
Larval host plants
Larvae feed on various species of grass. The first instar hibernates. [4]
References
- ^ a b "Cercyonis sthenele". explorer.natureserve.org.
- ^ [1] Butterflies of America
- ^ Brock, Jim P.; Kaufman, Kenn (2003). Butterflies of North America. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-15312-8.
- ^ a b c d "Great Basin Wood-nymph". Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility. 2002. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
- ^ "Cercyonis Scudder, 1875" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
- ^ "ITIS Report: Cercyonis sthenele sthenele (Boisduval, 1852)". ITIS. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
- ^ "Cercyonis sthenele sthenele. NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 10 July 2023.