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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Bumelia)
For other uses, see Sideroxylon (disambiguation).

Bully trees
Sideroxylon persimile
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Subfamily: Sapotoideae
Genus: Sideroxylon
L. [1]
Type species
Sideroxylon inerme
Synonyms [4]
  • Apterygia Baehni
  • Bumelia Sw.
  • Calvaria Comm. ex C.F.Gaertn.
  • Cryptogyne Hook.f.
  • Decateles Raf.
  • Dipholis A.DC.
  • Edgeworthia Falc. 1842, illegitimate homonym, not Meisn. 1841 ( Thymelaeaceae)
  • Lyciodes Kuntze
  • Mastichodendron (Engl.) H.J.Lam
  • Monotheca A.DC.
  • Nesoluma Baill.
  • Reptonia A.DC.
  • Robertia Scop., rejected name
  • Robertsia Endl.
  • Rostellaria C.F.Gaertn.
  • Sclerocladus Raf.
  • Sinosideroxylon (Engl.) Aubrév.
  • Spiniluma (Baill.) Aubrév.
  • Spondogona Raf., rejected name
  • Tatina Raf.
Leaves of Sideroxylon mirmulano

Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. [3] [5] They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning " iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood." [6]

Distribution

The genus is distributed mainly in North and South America, but also in Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, and various oceanic islands. [4] Some species, such as gum bully ( S. lanuginosum), S. tenax, and buckthorn bully ( S. lycioides), are found in subtropical areas of North America. The only South African species, the white milkwood ( S. inerme), is associated with three historical sites, and these individuals were declared national monuments due to their unusual longevity. [7] [8]

Ecology

Several species have become rare due to logging and other forms of habitat destruction. The tambalacoque ( S. grandiflorum) of Mauritius was affected by the extinction of the birds which dispersed its seed; it was suggested that the species entirely depended on the dodo (Raphus cucullatus) for that purpose and nearly became a victim of coextinction, but this is not correct. [9] [10] Bully trees provide food for the larvae of certain Lepidoptera, such as the bumelia webworm moth ( Urodus parvula) as well as several species of Coleoptera of the genus Plinthocoelium, commonly known as bumelia borers.

Species

83 species are currently accepted: [11]

Formerly placed here

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sideroxylon.
Wikispecies has information related to Sideroxylon.
  1. ^ "Genus: Sideroxylon L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-09-30. Retrieved 2010-11-01.
  2. ^ lectotype designated by Baillon, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 908 (1891)
  3. ^ a b Tropicos, Sideroxylon L.
  4. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  5. ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 192-193 in Latin
  6. ^ Gledhill, D. (2008). The Names of Plants (4 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 352. ISBN  978-0-521-86645-3.
  7. ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 8 Page 236, Bully, Sideroxylon Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 192. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 89. 1754.
  8. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 15 Page 212, 铁榄属 tie lan shu Sinosideroxylon (Engler) Aubreville, Adansonia, n.s. 3: 32. 1963.
  9. ^ Witmer, M. C.; A. S. Cheke (1991). "The dodo and the tambalacoque tree: an obligate mutualism reconsidered". Oikos. 61 (1): 133–137. doi: 10.2307/3545415. JSTOR  3545415.
  10. ^ Hershey, D. R. (2004). "The widespread misconception that the tambalacoque absolutely required the dodo for its seeds to germinate". Plant Science Bulletin. 50: 105–108.
  11. ^ Sideroxylon L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  12. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lanuginosum
  13. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lycioides
  14. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon reclinatum
  15. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon tenax
  16. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon thornei
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "GRIN Species Records of Sideroxylon". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-09-10.

External links

Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sideroxylon&oldid=1172971656"
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Bumelia)
For other uses, see Sideroxylon (disambiguation).

Bully trees
Sideroxylon persimile
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Sapotaceae
Subfamily: Sapotoideae
Genus: Sideroxylon
L. [1]
Type species
Sideroxylon inerme
Synonyms [4]
  • Apterygia Baehni
  • Bumelia Sw.
  • Calvaria Comm. ex C.F.Gaertn.
  • Cryptogyne Hook.f.
  • Decateles Raf.
  • Dipholis A.DC.
  • Edgeworthia Falc. 1842, illegitimate homonym, not Meisn. 1841 ( Thymelaeaceae)
  • Lyciodes Kuntze
  • Mastichodendron (Engl.) H.J.Lam
  • Monotheca A.DC.
  • Nesoluma Baill.
  • Reptonia A.DC.
  • Robertia Scop., rejected name
  • Robertsia Endl.
  • Rostellaria C.F.Gaertn.
  • Sclerocladus Raf.
  • Sinosideroxylon (Engl.) Aubrév.
  • Spiniluma (Baill.) Aubrév.
  • Spondogona Raf., rejected name
  • Tatina Raf.
Leaves of Sideroxylon mirmulano

Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. [3] [5] They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning " iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood." [6]

Distribution

The genus is distributed mainly in North and South America, but also in Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, and various oceanic islands. [4] Some species, such as gum bully ( S. lanuginosum), S. tenax, and buckthorn bully ( S. lycioides), are found in subtropical areas of North America. The only South African species, the white milkwood ( S. inerme), is associated with three historical sites, and these individuals were declared national monuments due to their unusual longevity. [7] [8]

Ecology

Several species have become rare due to logging and other forms of habitat destruction. The tambalacoque ( S. grandiflorum) of Mauritius was affected by the extinction of the birds which dispersed its seed; it was suggested that the species entirely depended on the dodo (Raphus cucullatus) for that purpose and nearly became a victim of coextinction, but this is not correct. [9] [10] Bully trees provide food for the larvae of certain Lepidoptera, such as the bumelia webworm moth ( Urodus parvula) as well as several species of Coleoptera of the genus Plinthocoelium, commonly known as bumelia borers.

Species

83 species are currently accepted: [11]

Formerly placed here

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sideroxylon.
Wikispecies has information related to Sideroxylon.
  1. ^ "Genus: Sideroxylon L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-09-30. Retrieved 2010-11-01.
  2. ^ lectotype designated by Baillon, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 908 (1891)
  3. ^ a b Tropicos, Sideroxylon L.
  4. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  5. ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 192-193 in Latin
  6. ^ Gledhill, D. (2008). The Names of Plants (4 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 352. ISBN  978-0-521-86645-3.
  7. ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 8 Page 236, Bully, Sideroxylon Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 192. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 89. 1754.
  8. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 15 Page 212, 铁榄属 tie lan shu Sinosideroxylon (Engler) Aubreville, Adansonia, n.s. 3: 32. 1963.
  9. ^ Witmer, M. C.; A. S. Cheke (1991). "The dodo and the tambalacoque tree: an obligate mutualism reconsidered". Oikos. 61 (1): 133–137. doi: 10.2307/3545415. JSTOR  3545415.
  10. ^ Hershey, D. R. (2004). "The widespread misconception that the tambalacoque absolutely required the dodo for its seeds to germinate". Plant Science Bulletin. 50: 105–108.
  11. ^ Sideroxylon L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  12. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lanuginosum
  13. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lycioides
  14. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon reclinatum
  15. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon tenax
  16. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon thornei
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "GRIN Species Records of Sideroxylon". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-09-10.

External links

Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sideroxylon&oldid=1172971656"

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