English feudalism |
---|
Manorialism |
Feudal land tenure in England |
Feudal duties |
Feudalism |
In medieval England, avera and inward (or inguard) were feudal obligations assessed against a royal demesne. The terms refer to various services rendered to the crown in lieu of payment in coin. [1] Avera is connected with carrying items by horse, [1] or possibly ploughing [2] or both. [3] Inward is probably the provision of a bodyguard during a royal visit: [4] in Anglo-Saxon England it could be claimed by a sheriff. [5] The services could usually be commuted to a monetary payment: in Hertfordshire avera could be commuted for fourpence. [6] The services were usually found in the eastern counties, especially Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire, [3] due from sokemen. [7] In Hertfordshire, inward is found only in the manor of Hitchin. [7]
English feudalism |
---|
Manorialism |
Feudal land tenure in England |
Feudal duties |
Feudalism |
In medieval England, avera and inward (or inguard) were feudal obligations assessed against a royal demesne. The terms refer to various services rendered to the crown in lieu of payment in coin. [1] Avera is connected with carrying items by horse, [1] or possibly ploughing [2] or both. [3] Inward is probably the provision of a bodyguard during a royal visit: [4] in Anglo-Saxon England it could be claimed by a sheriff. [5] The services could usually be commuted to a monetary payment: in Hertfordshire avera could be commuted for fourpence. [6] The services were usually found in the eastern counties, especially Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire, [3] due from sokemen. [7] In Hertfordshire, inward is found only in the manor of Hitchin. [7]