| Arachis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Arachis hypogaea leaves and freshly dug pods | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Tribe: | Dalbergieae |
| Genus: |
Arachis L. |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family ( Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae. [2] [3] At least one species, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as A. pintoi are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems.
Arachis species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, nutmeg, and turnip moth. [4]
Species
Arachis comprises the following sections and species: [5] [6]
Section Arachis
- Arachis batizocoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis benensis Krapov. et al.
- Arachis cardenasii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis correntina ( Burkart) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis cruziana Krapov. et al.
- Arachis decora Krapov. et al.
- Arachis diogoi Hoehne
- Arachis duranensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis glandulifera Stalker
- Arachis gregoryi C. E. Simpson et al.
- Arachis helodes Mart. ex Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis herzogii Krapov. et al.
- Arachis hoehnei Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
-
Arachis hypogaea L.—peanut
- subsp. fastigiata Waldron
- var. aequatoriana Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- var. fastigiata (Waldron) Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- var. peruviana Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- var. vulgaris Harz
- subsp. hypogaea L.
- var. hirsuta J. Kohler
- var. hypogaea L.
- subsp. fastigiata Waldron
- Arachis ipaensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis kempff-mercadoi Krapov. et al.
- Arachis krapovickasii C. E. Simpson et al.
- Arachis kuhlmannii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis linearifolia Valls et al.
- Arachis magna Krapov. et al.
- Arachis microsperma Krapov. et al.
- Arachis monticola Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis palustris Krapov. et al.
- Arachis praecox Krapov. et al.
- Arachis schininii Krapov. et al.
- Arachis simpsonii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis stenosperma Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis trinitensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis valida Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis villosa Benth.
- Arachis williamsii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Caulorrhizae
- Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis repens Handro
Section Erectoides
- Arachis archeri Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis benthamii Handro
- Arachis brevipetiolata Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis cryptopotamica Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis douradiana Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis gracilis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis hatschbachii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis hermannii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis major Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis martii Handro
- Arachis oteroi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
-
Arachis paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
- subsp. capibarensis Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- subsp. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
- Arachis porphyrocalyx Valls & C. E. Simpson
- Arachis stenophylla Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Extranervosae
- Arachis burchellii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis lutescens Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis macedoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis marginata Gardner
- Arachis pietrarellii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis prostrata Benth.—grassnut
- Arachis retusa Krapov. et al.
- Arachis setinervosa Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis submarginata Valls et al.
- Arachis villosulicarpa Hoehne
Section Heteranthae
- Arachis dardani Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis giacomettii Krapov. et al.
- Arachis interrupta Valls & C. E. Simpson
- Arachis pusilla Benth.
- Arachis seridoensis Valls et al.
- Arachis sylvestris (A. Chev.) A. Chev.
Section Procumbentes
- Arachis appressipila Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
- Arachis chiquitana Krapov. et al.
- Arachis kretschmeri Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis hassleri Krapov. et al.
- Arachis lignosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis matiensis Krapov. et al.
- Arachis pflugeae C. E. Simpson et al.
- Arachis rigonii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis subcoriacea Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis vallsii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Rhizomatosae
- Arachis nitida Valls et al.
Series Prorhizomatosae
- Arachis burkartii Handro
Series Rhizomatosae
-
Arachis glabrata Benth.
- var. glabrata Benth.
- var. hagenbeckii (Harms) F. J. Herm.
- Arachis pseudovillosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Trierectoides
- Arachis guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.
- Arachis tuberosa Benth.
Section Triseminatae
- Arachis triseminata Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Hybrids
- Arachis × batizogaea Krapov. & A. Fernández
References
- ^ Arachis L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- ^ Lavin M, Pennington RT, Klitgaard BB, Sprent JI, de Lima HC, Gasson PE (2001). "The dalbergioid legumes (Fabaceae): delimitation of a pantropical monophyletic clade". American Journal of Botany. 88 (3): 503–33. doi: 10.2307/2657116. JSTOR 2657116. PMID 11250829.
- ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk BE, Wojciechowskie MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". South African Journal of Botany. 89: 58–75. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
- ^ "HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants". The Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved 2020-06-14.
- ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Arachis". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
- ^ "GRIN species records of Arachis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
External links
-
Media related to
Arachis at Wikimedia Commons -
Data related to
Arachis at Wikispecies - Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter: Morphological characterization of Arachis species of section Arachis
- Gimenes, Marcos A.; Lopes, Catalina R.; Valls, Jose F. M. (2002). "Genetic relationships among Arachis species based on AFLP". Genetics and Molecular Biology. 25 (3): 349. doi: 10.1590/S1415-47572002000300017. hdl: 11449/17937.
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|
| Arachis | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Arachis hypogaea leaves and freshly dug pods | |
|
Scientific classification
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Tribe: | Dalbergieae |
| Genus: |
Arachis L. |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
| |
Arachis is a genus of about 70 species of annual and perennial flowering plants in the family ( Fabaceae), native to South America, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade of the Dalbergieae. [2] [3] At least one species, the peanut (Arachis hypogaea), is a major food crop species of global importance; some of the other species are cultivated for food to a small extent in South America. Other species such as A. pintoi are cultivated worldwide as forage and soil conditioner plants, with the leaves providing high-protein feed for grazing livestock and a nitrogen source in agroforestry and permaculture systems.
Arachis species, including the peanut, are used as food plants by some Lepidoptera species, including the flame shoulder, nutmeg, and turnip moth. [4]
Species
Arachis comprises the following sections and species: [5] [6]
Section Arachis
- Arachis batizocoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis benensis Krapov. et al.
- Arachis cardenasii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis correntina ( Burkart) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis cruziana Krapov. et al.
- Arachis decora Krapov. et al.
- Arachis diogoi Hoehne
- Arachis duranensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis glandulifera Stalker
- Arachis gregoryi C. E. Simpson et al.
- Arachis helodes Mart. ex Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis herzogii Krapov. et al.
- Arachis hoehnei Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
-
Arachis hypogaea L.—peanut
- subsp. fastigiata Waldron
- var. aequatoriana Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- var. fastigiata (Waldron) Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- var. peruviana Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- var. vulgaris Harz
- subsp. hypogaea L.
- var. hirsuta J. Kohler
- var. hypogaea L.
- subsp. fastigiata Waldron
- Arachis ipaensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis kempff-mercadoi Krapov. et al.
- Arachis krapovickasii C. E. Simpson et al.
- Arachis kuhlmannii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis linearifolia Valls et al.
- Arachis magna Krapov. et al.
- Arachis microsperma Krapov. et al.
- Arachis monticola Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis palustris Krapov. et al.
- Arachis praecox Krapov. et al.
- Arachis schininii Krapov. et al.
- Arachis simpsonii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis stenosperma Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis trinitensis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis valida Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis villosa Benth.
- Arachis williamsii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Caulorrhizae
- Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis repens Handro
Section Erectoides
- Arachis archeri Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis benthamii Handro
- Arachis brevipetiolata Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis cryptopotamica Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis douradiana Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis gracilis Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis hatschbachii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis hermannii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis major Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis martii Handro
- Arachis oteroi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
-
Arachis paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
- subsp. capibarensis Krapov. & W. C. Greg
- subsp. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassl.
- Arachis porphyrocalyx Valls & C. E. Simpson
- Arachis stenophylla Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Extranervosae
- Arachis burchellii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis lutescens Krapov. & Rigoni
- Arachis macedoi Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis marginata Gardner
- Arachis pietrarellii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis prostrata Benth.—grassnut
- Arachis retusa Krapov. et al.
- Arachis setinervosa Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis submarginata Valls et al.
- Arachis villosulicarpa Hoehne
Section Heteranthae
- Arachis dardani Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis giacomettii Krapov. et al.
- Arachis interrupta Valls & C. E. Simpson
- Arachis pusilla Benth.
- Arachis seridoensis Valls et al.
- Arachis sylvestris (A. Chev.) A. Chev.
Section Procumbentes
- Arachis appressipila Krapov. & W. C. Greg.
- Arachis chiquitana Krapov. et al.
- Arachis kretschmeri Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis hassleri Krapov. et al.
- Arachis lignosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis matiensis Krapov. et al.
- Arachis pflugeae C. E. Simpson et al.
- Arachis rigonii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis subcoriacea Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
- Arachis vallsii Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Rhizomatosae
- Arachis nitida Valls et al.
Series Prorhizomatosae
- Arachis burkartii Handro
Series Rhizomatosae
-
Arachis glabrata Benth.
- var. glabrata Benth.
- var. hagenbeckii (Harms) F. J. Herm.
- Arachis pseudovillosa (Chodat & Hassl.) Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Section Trierectoides
- Arachis guaranitica Chodat & Hassl.
- Arachis tuberosa Benth.
Section Triseminatae
- Arachis triseminata Krapov. & W.C. Greg.
Hybrids
- Arachis × batizogaea Krapov. & A. Fernández
References
- ^ Arachis L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
- ^ Lavin M, Pennington RT, Klitgaard BB, Sprent JI, de Lima HC, Gasson PE (2001). "The dalbergioid legumes (Fabaceae): delimitation of a pantropical monophyletic clade". American Journal of Botany. 88 (3): 503–33. doi: 10.2307/2657116. JSTOR 2657116. PMID 11250829.
- ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk BE, Wojciechowskie MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". South African Journal of Botany. 89: 58–75. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
- ^ "HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants". The Natural History Museum, London. Retrieved 2020-06-14.
- ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Arachis". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
- ^ "GRIN species records of Arachis". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
External links
-
Media related to
Arachis at Wikimedia Commons
-
Data related to
Arachis at Wikispecies
- Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter: Morphological characterization of Arachis species of section Arachis
- Gimenes, Marcos A.; Lopes, Catalina R.; Valls, Jose F. M. (2002). "Genetic relationships among Arachis species based on AFLP". Genetics and Molecular Biology. 25 (3): 349. doi: 10.1590/S1415-47572002000300017. hdl: 11449/17937.
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|