The ʿĀmirids (or Banū ʿĀmir) were the descendants and Ṣaqlabī (Slavic) clients of the house of the ḥājib ʿĀmir Muḥammad al-Manṣūr, the de facto ruler of the Umayyad caliphate of Córdoba from 976 until 1002. A series of ʿĀmirid dictators were the powers behind the caliphal throne during the long reign of Hishām II. Four ʿĀmirid dynasties were established during the period of taifas (petty kingdoms) that followed the collapse of the caliphate: Valencia, Dénia, Almería and Tortosa. [1] [2] [3]
Ḥājibs
The following list is derived from Catlos 2018, p. 435.
- Muḥammad ibn Abi ʿĀmir al-Manṣūr: 981–1002
- ʿAbd al-Malik al-Muẓaffar, son of prec.: 1002–1008
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Sanchuelo, brother of prec.: 1008–1009
Ṣaqlabī dynasties
Valencia
The following list is derived from Bosworth 1996, p. 19.
-
Mubārak and Muẓaffar: 1010/11–1017/18
[2]
- to Tortosa: 1017/18–1020/21
- ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī ʿĀmir al-Manṣūr, son of Sanchuelo: 1020/21–1060
-
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Niẓām al-Dawla al-Muẓaffar, son of prec.: 1060–1065
- to the Dhuʾl-Nūnids: 1065–1075
- Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Manṣūr, brother of prec.: 1075–1085
-
ʿUthmān ibn Abī Bakr al-Qāḍī, son of prec.: 1085
- to the Dhuʾl-Nūnids
Dénia
The following list is derived from Bosworth 1996, p. 17, who calls them the Banū Mujāhid. Mujāhid was a member of Muḥammad ibn Abi ʿĀmir's household. [2]
- Mujāhid ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-ʿĀmiri al-Muwaffaq: c.1012–1045
-
ʿAlī ibn Mujāhid Iqbāl al-Dawla: 1045–1076
- to the Hūdids
Almería
The following list is derived from Bosworth 1996, p. 17.
- Khayrān al-Ṣaqlabī: c.1013–1028
-
Zuhayr al-Ṣaqlabī: 1028–1038
- to Valencia: 1038–1042
- to the Banū Ṣumādiḥ
Tortosa
The following list is derived from Makki 1994, p. 59.
- Labīb al-Ṣaqlabī: 1021–1036
- Muqātil al-Ṣaqlabī: 1036–c.1046
- Nabil: c.1046–c.1060
- to the Hūdids
Notes
- ^ Catlos 2018, p. 444: "The dynasty of hajibs of the Umayyad caliphs of Córdoba founded by Muhammad ibn Abi 'Amir al-Mansur. They ruled in Córdoba to 1009, and then briefly in Valencia and Denia."
- ^ a b c Seybold 1960: "the descendants (and clients) of al-Manṣūr ibn Abi ʿĀmir, in the first place his sons ... To the former clients of the house belong Muhārak and Muẓaffar ... and Mudjāhid al-ʿĀmiri."
- ^ Makki 1994, pp. 50–51: "The third category was affiliated to the ʿĀmirid party, that is the remnants of the family of al-Manṣūr b. Abi ʿĀmir and the Slavs whose numbers al-Manṣūr had increased. The latter had served in the palace, where many of them became commanding officers. ... [T]hey controlled most of the cities of eastern al-Andalus (The Levant) during the early period of the petty states."
Sources
- Bosworth, C. E. (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press.
- Catlos, Brian A. (2018). Kingdoms of Faith: A New History of Islamic Spain. Hurst and Co.
- Makki, Mahmoud (1994). "The Political History of al-Andalus (92/711–897/1492)". In Salma Khadra Jayyusi (ed.). The Legacy of Muslim Spain. Brill. pp. 3–87.
- Seybold, C. F. (1960). "ʿĀmirids". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 446. OCLC 495469456.
The ʿĀmirids (or Banū ʿĀmir) were the descendants and Ṣaqlabī (Slavic) clients of the house of the ḥājib ʿĀmir Muḥammad al-Manṣūr, the de facto ruler of the Umayyad caliphate of Córdoba from 976 until 1002. A series of ʿĀmirid dictators were the powers behind the caliphal throne during the long reign of Hishām II. Four ʿĀmirid dynasties were established during the period of taifas (petty kingdoms) that followed the collapse of the caliphate: Valencia, Dénia, Almería and Tortosa. [1] [2] [3]
Ḥājibs
The following list is derived from Catlos 2018, p. 435.
- Muḥammad ibn Abi ʿĀmir al-Manṣūr: 981–1002
- ʿAbd al-Malik al-Muẓaffar, son of prec.: 1002–1008
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Sanchuelo, brother of prec.: 1008–1009
Ṣaqlabī dynasties
Valencia
The following list is derived from Bosworth 1996, p. 19.
-
Mubārak and Muẓaffar: 1010/11–1017/18
[2]
- to Tortosa: 1017/18–1020/21
- ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī ʿĀmir al-Manṣūr, son of Sanchuelo: 1020/21–1060
-
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Niẓām al-Dawla al-Muẓaffar, son of prec.: 1060–1065
- to the Dhuʾl-Nūnids: 1065–1075
- Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Manṣūr, brother of prec.: 1075–1085
-
ʿUthmān ibn Abī Bakr al-Qāḍī, son of prec.: 1085
- to the Dhuʾl-Nūnids
Dénia
The following list is derived from Bosworth 1996, p. 17, who calls them the Banū Mujāhid. Mujāhid was a member of Muḥammad ibn Abi ʿĀmir's household. [2]
- Mujāhid ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-ʿĀmiri al-Muwaffaq: c.1012–1045
-
ʿAlī ibn Mujāhid Iqbāl al-Dawla: 1045–1076
- to the Hūdids
Almería
The following list is derived from Bosworth 1996, p. 17.
- Khayrān al-Ṣaqlabī: c.1013–1028
-
Zuhayr al-Ṣaqlabī: 1028–1038
- to Valencia: 1038–1042
- to the Banū Ṣumādiḥ
Tortosa
The following list is derived from Makki 1994, p. 59.
- Labīb al-Ṣaqlabī: 1021–1036
- Muqātil al-Ṣaqlabī: 1036–c.1046
- Nabil: c.1046–c.1060
- to the Hūdids
Notes
- ^ Catlos 2018, p. 444: "The dynasty of hajibs of the Umayyad caliphs of Córdoba founded by Muhammad ibn Abi 'Amir al-Mansur. They ruled in Córdoba to 1009, and then briefly in Valencia and Denia."
- ^ a b c Seybold 1960: "the descendants (and clients) of al-Manṣūr ibn Abi ʿĀmir, in the first place his sons ... To the former clients of the house belong Muhārak and Muẓaffar ... and Mudjāhid al-ʿĀmiri."
- ^ Makki 1994, pp. 50–51: "The third category was affiliated to the ʿĀmirid party, that is the remnants of the family of al-Manṣūr b. Abi ʿĀmir and the Slavs whose numbers al-Manṣūr had increased. The latter had served in the palace, where many of them became commanding officers. ... [T]hey controlled most of the cities of eastern al-Andalus (The Levant) during the early period of the petty states."
Sources
- Bosworth, C. E. (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press.
- Catlos, Brian A. (2018). Kingdoms of Faith: A New History of Islamic Spain. Hurst and Co.
- Makki, Mahmoud (1994). "The Political History of al-Andalus (92/711–897/1492)". In Salma Khadra Jayyusi (ed.). The Legacy of Muslim Spain. Brill. pp. 3–87.
- Seybold, C. F. (1960). "ʿĀmirids". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 446. OCLC 495469456.