Aino Bach | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1 December 1901 |
| Died | 6 August 1980 (aged 78) |
| Nationality | Estonian |
| Other names | Aino Bach-Liimand |
| Occupation | Graphic artist |
| Awards | People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR |
Aino Bach (1 December 1901 – 6 August 1980) was an Estonian artist known for her engravings and her portrayals of Soviet-era femininity. [1] [2]
Biography
Aino Bach was born in Koeru, Estonia in 1901. [1] As a child, she lived in Narva, and she attended secondary school in Siberia, before returning to Estonia in 1921. [3] She studied painting at the Pallas Art School [3] in Tartu under the supervision of Nikolai Triik, and engraving with Ado Vabbe, [3] whom she shared socialist ideals with. In 1937, Bach married the painter Kaarel Liimand. [4] She worked as a lecturer at her former art school (now renamed after Konrad Mägi) from 1940 to 1941. [5]
In 1941, during the German occupation of Estonia, Bach was exiled in Yaroslav in the Soviet Union. [3] There, she was an active member in the Union of Estonian Artists (ENSV Kunstnike Liidu), founded in 1943. She played a large role in the reorganization of Estonian artistic life with this organization. [6] She was a mentor to fellow Estonian artist Evald Okas.[ citation needed] Bach was awarded the State Prize of the Estonian SSR in 1947. [7]
After the war, Bach settled in Tallinn. [1] She was awarded People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR in 1961. [7] Bach died in Tallinn on August 6, 1980. [4]
Artistry
Many of Bach's works portray women, representing many different settings and professions. Her style has been described as including both poetic realism and Socialist Realism. [1] Many of her pieces were created using intaglio engraving techniques and she broadened the expressive abilities of the technique. [3] She was praised to have a wealth of nuances and original style, utilizing metal point engraving, etching, and colored monotype, which she often used multiple of in her works. [3] [8] While some of Bach's art has been characterized as a product of Soviet propaganda, art critic Eha Komissarov has argued that Bach, a genuine political leftist, used Soviet iconography as a means to portray women's participation in public life. [6] Later in her career, Bach painted portraits of public figures including Debora Vaarandi. [9]
References
- ^ a b c d Chalvin, Antoine. "Aino Bach". AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "The Soviet Woman in Estonian Art — Kumu Art Museum". KUMU Art Museum of Estonia. 2010. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f "Aino Bach". AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
- ^ a b "Aino Bachi sünnist möödub 115 aastat". No. 300. Koeru Kaja. December 1, 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "Mustlaste muinasjutud, Aino Bach E-kunstisalongis". E-Kunstisalong. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ a b Kivimaa, Katrin (2010). "WORKERS, COLLECTIVE FARMERS AND WOMEN IN NATIONAL COSTUMES: REPRESENTING SOVIET FEMININITY IN ESTONIAN ART FROM THE 1940s AND 1950s". Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis. 58: 56–60. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ a b "Bach-Liimand, Aino Gustav". The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). The Gale Group, Inc. 2010. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "Reclining Female Nude by Aino Bach, Estonian on Josef Lebovic Gallery". Josef Lebovic Gallery. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "Aino Bach Portrait of Debora Vaarandi". EKM Digitaalkogu. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
Further reading
- Bernstein Boris, Aino Bach, Tallinn: Eesti NSV Kunst, 1961
External links
- 1901 births
- 1980 deaths
- People from Järva Parish
- People from Kreis Jerwen
- 20th-century Estonian women artists
- 20th-century Estonian artists
- Estonian women illustrators
- Estonian printmakers
- Soviet women artists
- Soviet artists
- Women engravers
- People's Artists of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (visual arts)
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Burials at Metsakalmistu
- 20th-century engravers
Aino Bach | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1 December 1901 |
| Died | 6 August 1980 (aged 78) |
| Nationality | Estonian |
| Other names | Aino Bach-Liimand |
| Occupation | Graphic artist |
| Awards | People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR |
Aino Bach (1 December 1901 – 6 August 1980) was an Estonian artist known for her engravings and her portrayals of Soviet-era femininity. [1] [2]
Biography
Aino Bach was born in Koeru, Estonia in 1901. [1] As a child, she lived in Narva, and she attended secondary school in Siberia, before returning to Estonia in 1921. [3] She studied painting at the Pallas Art School [3] in Tartu under the supervision of Nikolai Triik, and engraving with Ado Vabbe, [3] whom she shared socialist ideals with. In 1937, Bach married the painter Kaarel Liimand. [4] She worked as a lecturer at her former art school (now renamed after Konrad Mägi) from 1940 to 1941. [5]
In 1941, during the German occupation of Estonia, Bach was exiled in Yaroslav in the Soviet Union. [3] There, she was an active member in the Union of Estonian Artists (ENSV Kunstnike Liidu), founded in 1943. She played a large role in the reorganization of Estonian artistic life with this organization. [6] She was a mentor to fellow Estonian artist Evald Okas.[ citation needed] Bach was awarded the State Prize of the Estonian SSR in 1947. [7]
After the war, Bach settled in Tallinn. [1] She was awarded People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR in 1961. [7] Bach died in Tallinn on August 6, 1980. [4]
Artistry
Many of Bach's works portray women, representing many different settings and professions. Her style has been described as including both poetic realism and Socialist Realism. [1] Many of her pieces were created using intaglio engraving techniques and she broadened the expressive abilities of the technique. [3] She was praised to have a wealth of nuances and original style, utilizing metal point engraving, etching, and colored monotype, which she often used multiple of in her works. [3] [8] While some of Bach's art has been characterized as a product of Soviet propaganda, art critic Eha Komissarov has argued that Bach, a genuine political leftist, used Soviet iconography as a means to portray women's participation in public life. [6] Later in her career, Bach painted portraits of public figures including Debora Vaarandi. [9]
References
- ^ a b c d Chalvin, Antoine. "Aino Bach". AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "The Soviet Woman in Estonian Art — Kumu Art Museum". KUMU Art Museum of Estonia. 2010. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f "Aino Bach". AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes. Retrieved 2021-03-09.
- ^ a b "Aino Bachi sünnist möödub 115 aastat". No. 300. Koeru Kaja. December 1, 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "Mustlaste muinasjutud, Aino Bach E-kunstisalongis". E-Kunstisalong. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ a b Kivimaa, Katrin (2010). "WORKERS, COLLECTIVE FARMERS AND WOMEN IN NATIONAL COSTUMES: REPRESENTING SOVIET FEMININITY IN ESTONIAN ART FROM THE 1940s AND 1950s". Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis. 58: 56–60. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ a b "Bach-Liimand, Aino Gustav". The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). The Gale Group, Inc. 2010. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "Reclining Female Nude by Aino Bach, Estonian on Josef Lebovic Gallery". Josef Lebovic Gallery. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
- ^ "Aino Bach Portrait of Debora Vaarandi". EKM Digitaalkogu. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
Further reading
- Bernstein Boris, Aino Bach, Tallinn: Eesti NSV Kunst, 1961
External links
- 1901 births
- 1980 deaths
- People from Järva Parish
- People from Kreis Jerwen
- 20th-century Estonian women artists
- 20th-century Estonian artists
- Estonian women illustrators
- Estonian printmakers
- Soviet women artists
- Soviet artists
- Women engravers
- People's Artists of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (visual arts)
- Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
- Burials at Metsakalmistu
- 20th-century engravers