From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Laboratory robot
Robot Scientist (also known as Adam
[5] ) is a
laboratory robot created and developed by a group of scientists including
Ross King , Kenneth Whelan, Ffion Jones, Philip Reiser, Christopher Bryant,
Stephen Muggleton ,
Douglas Kell ,
Emma Byrne and
Steve Oliver .
[2]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
Prototype
As a
prototype for a "robot scientist", Adam is able to perform independent experiments to test hypotheses and interpret findings without human guidance, removing some of the drudgery of laboratory experimentation.
[11]
[12] Adam is capable of:
While researching yeast-based
functional genomics , Adam became the first machine in history to have discovered new scientific knowledge independently of its human creators.
[5]
[17]
[18]
Adam and Eve
Adam's research studied
baker's yeast (
Saccharomyces cerevisiae )
[2] and is one of two robot scientists along with "Eve"
[13]
[19] (named after
Adam and Eve ), a robot currently doing research on
drug screening .
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
The overall process of testing the reproducibility and robustness of the cancer biology literature via Eve
Eve has been used for
semi-automated testing for reproducibility of experimental cancer research.
[25]
[26]
References
^
a
b
"2 April 2009 – Robot scientist becomes first machine to discover new scientific knowledge – Media release – BBSRC" . Archived from
the original on 14 May 2013.
^
a
b
c
King, R. D. ; Whelan, K. E.; Jones, F. M.; Reiser, P. G. K.; Bryant, C. H.;
Muggleton, S. H. ;
Kell, D. B. ;
Oliver, S. G. (2004).
"Functional genomic hypothesis generation and experimentation by a robot scientist" . Nature . 427 (6971): 247–252.
Bibcode :
2004Natur.427..247K .
doi :
10.1038/nature02236 .
PMID
14724639 .
S2CID
4428725 .
^
BBSRC grant A robot scientist for drug design and chemical genetics
Archived 24 February 2018 at the
Wayback Machine , via
Research Councils UK
^
BBSRC grant: A robot scientist for yeast systems biology , via
Research Councils UK
^
a
b King, P.; Rowland, J.; Aubrey, W.; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Soldatova, L. N.; Whelan, K. E.; Clare, A.; Young, M.; Sparkes, A.; Oliver, S. G.; Pir, P. (2009). "The Robot Scientist Adam". Computer . 42 (7): 46–54.
doi :
10.1109/MC.2009.270 .
S2CID
13920692 .
^
"Robot Scientist at Aberystwyth University" .
Archived from the original on 12 June 2011.
^ Sparkes, A.; Aubrey, W.;
Byrne, E. ; Clare, A.; Khan, M. N.; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Rowland, J.; Soldatova, L. N.; Whelan, K. E.; Young, M.; King, R. D. (2010).
"Towards Robot Scientists for autonomous scientific discovery" . Automated Experimentation . 2 : 1.
doi :
10.1186/1759-4499-2-1 .
PMC
2813846 .
PMID
20119518 .
^
King, R. D. ; Rowland, J.;
Oliver, S. G. ; Young, M.; Aubrey, W.;
Byrne, E. ; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Pir, P.; Soldatova, L. N.; Sparkes, A.; Whelan, K. E.; Clare, A. (2009). "Make Way for Robot Scientists". Science . 325 (5943): 945.
Bibcode :
2009Sci...325R.945K .
doi :
10.1126/science.325_945a .
PMID
19696334 .
^
Anderson, Philip W. ; Abrahams, Elihu (2009). "Machines Fall Short of Revolutionary Science". Science . 324 (5934): 1515–1516.
Bibcode :
2009Sci...324.1515A .
doi :
10.1126/science.324_1515c .
PMID
19541975 .
^
a
b
King, R. D. (2011). "Rise of the Robo Scientists". Scientific American . 304 (1): 72–76.
Bibcode :
2011SciAm.304a..72K .
doi :
10.1038/scientificamerican0111-72 .
PMID
21265330 .
^ Mosher, Dave (13 April 2011).
"Developer of Robot Scientist Wants to Standardize Science" .
Wired .
^ Buchen, Lizzie (2 April 2009).
"Robot Makes Scientific Discovery All by Itself" .
Wired .
^
a
b Wilson, N. (2004).
"Technology: A robot scientist" . Nature Reviews Genetics . 5 (3): 164.
doi :
10.1038/nrg1300 .
S2CID
5633301 .
^ Greenemeier, Larry (2009).
"Meet Adam and Eve: AI Lab-Bots That Can Take On Reams of Data" .
Scientific American . Retrieved 2 April 2009 .
^ Kleiner, Kurt (2009).
"Robot scientist makes discoveries without human help" .
New Scientist .
^ Gill, Victoria (2 April 2009).
"Robo-scientist's first findings" .
BBC News .
^
King, R. D. ; Rowland, J.;
Oliver, S. G. ; Young, M.; Aubrey, W.;
Byrne, E. ; Liakata, M.; Markham, M.; Pir, P.; Soldatova, L. N.; Sparkes, A.; Whelan, K. E.; Clare, A. (2009). "The Automation of Science". Science . 324 (5923): 85–89.
Bibcode :
2009Sci...324...85K .
doi :
10.1126/science.1165620 .
PMID
19342587 .
S2CID
14948753 .
^ Cookson, Clive (2009).
"Robot achieves scientific first" .
Financial Times .
^ Williams, K.; Bilsland, E.; Sparkes, A.; Aubrey, W.; Young, M.; Soldatova, L. N.; De Grave, K.; Ramon, J.; De Clare, M.; Sirawaraporn, W.; Oliver, S. G.; King, R. D. (2015).
"Cheaper faster drug development validated by the repositioning of drugs against neglected tropical diseases" . Journal of the Royal Society Interface . 12 (104): 20141289.
doi :
10.1098/rsif.2014.1289 .
PMC
4345494 .
PMID
25652463 .
^
Robot Scientist Helps Design New Drugs ,
Voice of America
^
Robot scientist’ Eve could speed up search for new drugs , kurzweilai.net
^
'Robot scientist' holds key to new drugs ,
BBC News
^
'Robot Scientist' Could Speed Up Drug Discovery ,
Sky News
^
'Robot Scientist' Could Speed Up Drug Discovery ,
Yahoo News
^
" 'Robot scientist' Eve finds that less than one-third of scientific results are reproducible" .
University of Cambridge . Retrieved 15 May 2022 .
^ Roper, Katherine; Abdel-Rehim, A.; Hubbard, Sonya; Carpenter, Martin; Rzhetsky, Andrey; Soldatova, Larisa; King, Ross D. (2022).
"Testing the reproducibility and robustness of the cancer biology literature by robot" . Journal of the Royal Society Interface . 19 (189): 20210821.
doi :
10.1098/rsif.2021.0821 .
PMC
8984295 .
PMID
35382578 .
See also
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