Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib ٱلْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْمُطَّلِبِ | |
---|---|
Born |
c. 566 |
Died |
c. 653 (aged c.86) |
Known for | Paternal uncle of Muhammad and eponymous ancestor of the Abbasid Dynasty |
Spouses |
|
Children | |
Parents |
|
Relatives | |
Family | Banu Hashim ( Quraysh) |
Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib ( Arabic: ٱلْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْمُطَّلِبِ, romanized: al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; c. 566–653 CE) was a paternal uncle and sahabi (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, just three years older than his nephew. A wealthy merchant, during the early years of Islam he protected Muhammad while he was in Mecca, but only became a convert after the Battle of Badr in 624 CE (2 AH). His descendants founded the Abbasid dynasty in 750. [1]
Abbas, born around 565 CE, was one of the younger sons of Abd al-Muttalib. His mother was Nutayla bint Janab of the Namir tribe. [2] After his father's death, he took over the Zamzam Well and the distribution of water to the pilgrims. [3] He became a spice merchant in Mecca, [4] a trade that made him wealthy. [5] Within this role, he managed a caravan network to and from Syria, where he eventually recruited and trained Muhammad as an apprentice for leading the northern leg of the journey. [6]
During the years when the Muslim religion was gaining adherents (610–622), Abbas provided protection to his kinsman but did not adopt the faith. He acted as a spokesman at the Second Pledge of Aqaba, [7] but he was not among those who emigrated to Medina.
Having fought on the side of the polytheists, Abbas was captured during the Battle of Badr. Muhammad allowed al-Abbas to ransom himself and his nephew. [8]
Ibn Hisham said that Abbas had become a secret Muslim before the Battle of Badr; [9] but a clear statement to that effect is missing from Tabari's citation of the same source. [10] [11] It is said by some authorities that he converted to Islam shortly after the Battle of Badr. [12]
It is elsewhere implied that Abbas did not formally profess Islam until January 630, just before the fall of Mecca, twenty years after his wife Lubaba converted. [13] Muhammad then named him "last of the migrants" ( Muhajirun), which entitled him to the proceeds of the spoils of war. He was given the right to provide Zamzam water to pilgrims, a right which was passed down to his descendants. [1]
Abbas immediately joined Muhammad's army, participating in the Conquest of Mecca, the Battle of Hunayn and the Siege of Ta'if. He defended Muhammad at Hunayn when other warriors deserted him. [14] After these military exploits, Abbas brought his family to live in Medina, where Muhammad frequently visited them [15] and even proposed marriage to his daughter. [16]
Later Abbas fought in the expedition to Tabuk. [14]
Abbas had at least five wives.
The known children of Abbas were:
The following were all the offspring of Lubaba. [24]
Other children
Abbas died in February 653 at the age of 89. He is buried at the Jannatul Baqee cemetery in Medina, Saudi Arabia. [29] [30]
The Abbasid dynasty founded in 750 by Abu al-ʻAbbās ʻAbdallāh as-Saffāh better known as As-Saffah claimed the title of caliph (literally "successor") through their descent from Abbas's son Abdallah. [31]
Many other families claimed direct descent from Abbas, including the Kalhoras of Sindh, Daudpotas of Bahawalpur, Abbasi's of Murree Pakistan, Abbasi's of Bagh, Azad Kashmir [32] the Berber Banu Abbas, [33] and the modern-day Bawazir of Yemen [34] and Shaigiya and Ja'Alin of Sudan. [35]
Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib ٱلْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْمُطَّلِبِ | |
---|---|
Born |
c. 566 |
Died |
c. 653 (aged c.86) |
Known for | Paternal uncle of Muhammad and eponymous ancestor of the Abbasid Dynasty |
Spouses |
|
Children | |
Parents |
|
Relatives | |
Family | Banu Hashim ( Quraysh) |
Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib ( Arabic: ٱلْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلْمُطَّلِبِ, romanized: al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; c. 566–653 CE) was a paternal uncle and sahabi (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, just three years older than his nephew. A wealthy merchant, during the early years of Islam he protected Muhammad while he was in Mecca, but only became a convert after the Battle of Badr in 624 CE (2 AH). His descendants founded the Abbasid dynasty in 750. [1]
Abbas, born around 565 CE, was one of the younger sons of Abd al-Muttalib. His mother was Nutayla bint Janab of the Namir tribe. [2] After his father's death, he took over the Zamzam Well and the distribution of water to the pilgrims. [3] He became a spice merchant in Mecca, [4] a trade that made him wealthy. [5] Within this role, he managed a caravan network to and from Syria, where he eventually recruited and trained Muhammad as an apprentice for leading the northern leg of the journey. [6]
During the years when the Muslim religion was gaining adherents (610–622), Abbas provided protection to his kinsman but did not adopt the faith. He acted as a spokesman at the Second Pledge of Aqaba, [7] but he was not among those who emigrated to Medina.
Having fought on the side of the polytheists, Abbas was captured during the Battle of Badr. Muhammad allowed al-Abbas to ransom himself and his nephew. [8]
Ibn Hisham said that Abbas had become a secret Muslim before the Battle of Badr; [9] but a clear statement to that effect is missing from Tabari's citation of the same source. [10] [11] It is said by some authorities that he converted to Islam shortly after the Battle of Badr. [12]
It is elsewhere implied that Abbas did not formally profess Islam until January 630, just before the fall of Mecca, twenty years after his wife Lubaba converted. [13] Muhammad then named him "last of the migrants" ( Muhajirun), which entitled him to the proceeds of the spoils of war. He was given the right to provide Zamzam water to pilgrims, a right which was passed down to his descendants. [1]
Abbas immediately joined Muhammad's army, participating in the Conquest of Mecca, the Battle of Hunayn and the Siege of Ta'if. He defended Muhammad at Hunayn when other warriors deserted him. [14] After these military exploits, Abbas brought his family to live in Medina, where Muhammad frequently visited them [15] and even proposed marriage to his daughter. [16]
Later Abbas fought in the expedition to Tabuk. [14]
Abbas had at least five wives.
The known children of Abbas were:
The following were all the offspring of Lubaba. [24]
Other children
Abbas died in February 653 at the age of 89. He is buried at the Jannatul Baqee cemetery in Medina, Saudi Arabia. [29] [30]
The Abbasid dynasty founded in 750 by Abu al-ʻAbbās ʻAbdallāh as-Saffāh better known as As-Saffah claimed the title of caliph (literally "successor") through their descent from Abbas's son Abdallah. [31]
Many other families claimed direct descent from Abbas, including the Kalhoras of Sindh, Daudpotas of Bahawalpur, Abbasi's of Murree Pakistan, Abbasi's of Bagh, Azad Kashmir [32] the Berber Banu Abbas, [33] and the modern-day Bawazir of Yemen [34] and Shaigiya and Ja'Alin of Sudan. [35]