阴水牛年 (female Water-
Ox) −180 or −561 or −1333 — to — 阳木虎年 (male Wood-
Tiger) −179 or −560 or −1332
Year 307 BC was a year of the
pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caecus and Violens (or, less frequently, year 447 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 307 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the
Anno Dominicalendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Babylonia
Antigonus makes peace with
Seleucus, who is left free to consolidate his empire in the east.
Antigonus prepares an expedition to Greece under his son
Demetrius. They gather a fleet of 250 ships and a large army in western Asia Minor. Antigonus gives his son 5.000 talents and some of his top officers, chief among them
Medius of Larissa and
Aristodemus of Miletus.
Greece
At the beginning of June (the 26th day of the
Attic month of Thargelion: Plut. Dem. 8,3)
Demetrius, son of
Antigonus, launches a surprise attack on
Pireaus, Athens' harbour; his forces are able to secure control of the entire port city, except the fortress on the
Munychia which remains in the hands of Dionysius, the commander of
Cassander's garrison in Athens.
Demetrius of Phalerum, who ruled
Athens for 10 years with the support of
Cassander, recognizes his position has become untenable. He opens up negotiations, and after several diplomatic exchanges involving
Aristodemus of Miletus, Antigonus top diplomat, he is given safe conduct to Thebes. Eventually he settles in
Alexandria[2]
Demetrius captures the fortress on the
Munychia and razes it to the ground. The old democracy, with the old constitution, is re-established in Athens under the leadership of
Stratocles and
Demochares. The grateful Athenians honour Antigonus and Demetrius as divine saviours (theoi soteres).[2]
Agathocles, the tyrant of
Syracuse, (who has been campaigning in North Africa for several years) launches a surprise attack on
Utica. He captures around 300 citizens outside the walls and tries to negotiate a surrender of the city; Utica refuses. Agathocles then uses the prisoners as human shields by binding them to his siege engines.[5]
Agathocles assaults the walls of Utica. The Uticans, despite having to inflict death and injury on their fellow citizens, fiercely defend their city. Eventually, Agathocles' army is able to break into the city, they sacked the city and left behind a garrison.[5][6]
Agathocles besieges and takes a town called
Hippu Acra. After capturing Hippu Acra several towns and cities come over to his side; even some
Numidian tribes start sending their warriors to join Agathocles.[6]
With his expeditionary army now superior in numbers to the Carthaginians, Agathocles decides to leave his son
Archagathus in command of the African campaign and return to
Sicily. He starts constructing transports and when enough ships have been built sets sail for Sicily.[6]
Archagathus sends Eumachus, one of his father's generals, on two successful inland campaigns. On both occasions Eumachus gained a lot of war booty.[7][8]
Carthage musters (30,000 soldiers in total) and sends out three armies; one inland, one into the midlands, and one against the cities along the coast.[9]
Archagathus counters by dividing his army in three and sending them against the Carthaginian armies. Unfortunately for the Greeks, one army (commanded by Aeschrion) gets ambushed and another (commanded by Eumachus) is defeated in battle. Archagathus retreats to
Tunis, regroups his army and sends messengers to his father in Sicily to inform him on the situation .The Carthaginians concentrate their forces at Tunis as well and start a blockade of the city.[10][11]
Agathocles returns to his expeditionary army. Trying to restore his army's moral, he fights a battle under less than ideal conditions and suffers a bloody defeat (losing 3,000 soldiers).[12]
During a victory ceremony involving human sacrifice (the Carthaginians sacrificed prisoners of war by burning them alive) the Carthaginian camp catches fire, in the ensuing panic the Carthaginian army breaks and flees back to Carthage.[13][14]
5,000 Libyans deserters, who came fleeing back to Agathocles' camp, cause panic in the Greek camp, scattering the army.[15]
After the lost battle and the night-time panic, all his Libyan allies desert. With his army in no condition to fight on, Agathocles decides to return to Sicily.[16][17]
Agathocles abandons his army and his sons and secretly sails back to Sicily. His soldiers kill his sons in anger.[16][17]
Sicily
Xenodocus, a general from
Acragas, leads an army of 10,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry against
Agathocles' generals on Sicily. Leptines and Demophilus, two of Agathocles' generals, oppose Xenoducus with 8,200 infantry and 1,200 cavalry. Xenoducus is defeated and retreats to Acragas. As a result of this defeat the people of Acragas give up the fight against Agathocles.[18]
Agathocles puts in at
Selinus, marches on Heraclea (probably
Heraclea Minoa) and forces its people to submit once more. He then marches across the island on the city of
Therma, makes a treaty with its people and removes its Carthaginian garrison. After taking
Cephaloedium (near Therma), he marches back south taking the cities of
Centuripa and
Sicily.[18]
Deinocrates, the leader of the exiles, proclaims himself the champion of common liberty and uses this to gather the bulk of Agathocles' enemies into one army. After mustering an army of 20,000 infantry and 1,500 cavalry, he marches on Agathocles, who refuses to do battle and retreats to
Syracuse.[7]
Receiving word of the losses that had been inflicted on his expeditionary army (commanded by his son Archagathus) in Africa, Agathocles equips 17 warships to go to his son's aid. While breaking through the Carthaginian blockade, he is able to defeat his opponents' fleet.[11]
Leptines, one of Agathocles' generals, defeats Xenodocus for the second time.[19]
Agathocles purges Syracuse of his opponents; 500 citizens are executed. With the city secure in his loyalty he sets sail for Africa.[20]
After meeting disaster in Africa (losing his army and two of his sons), Agathocles returns to Sicily. In dire need of cash, he razes the city of
Segesta.[21]
阴水牛年 (female Water-
Ox) −180 or −561 or −1333 — to — 阳木虎年 (male Wood-
Tiger) −179 or −560 or −1332
Year 307 BC was a year of the
pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caecus and Violens (or, less frequently, year 447 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 307 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the
Anno Dominicalendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place
Babylonia
Antigonus makes peace with
Seleucus, who is left free to consolidate his empire in the east.
Antigonus prepares an expedition to Greece under his son
Demetrius. They gather a fleet of 250 ships and a large army in western Asia Minor. Antigonus gives his son 5.000 talents and some of his top officers, chief among them
Medius of Larissa and
Aristodemus of Miletus.
Greece
At the beginning of June (the 26th day of the
Attic month of Thargelion: Plut. Dem. 8,3)
Demetrius, son of
Antigonus, launches a surprise attack on
Pireaus, Athens' harbour; his forces are able to secure control of the entire port city, except the fortress on the
Munychia which remains in the hands of Dionysius, the commander of
Cassander's garrison in Athens.
Demetrius of Phalerum, who ruled
Athens for 10 years with the support of
Cassander, recognizes his position has become untenable. He opens up negotiations, and after several diplomatic exchanges involving
Aristodemus of Miletus, Antigonus top diplomat, he is given safe conduct to Thebes. Eventually he settles in
Alexandria[2]
Demetrius captures the fortress on the
Munychia and razes it to the ground. The old democracy, with the old constitution, is re-established in Athens under the leadership of
Stratocles and
Demochares. The grateful Athenians honour Antigonus and Demetrius as divine saviours (theoi soteres).[2]
Agathocles, the tyrant of
Syracuse, (who has been campaigning in North Africa for several years) launches a surprise attack on
Utica. He captures around 300 citizens outside the walls and tries to negotiate a surrender of the city; Utica refuses. Agathocles then uses the prisoners as human shields by binding them to his siege engines.[5]
Agathocles assaults the walls of Utica. The Uticans, despite having to inflict death and injury on their fellow citizens, fiercely defend their city. Eventually, Agathocles' army is able to break into the city, they sacked the city and left behind a garrison.[5][6]
Agathocles besieges and takes a town called
Hippu Acra. After capturing Hippu Acra several towns and cities come over to his side; even some
Numidian tribes start sending their warriors to join Agathocles.[6]
With his expeditionary army now superior in numbers to the Carthaginians, Agathocles decides to leave his son
Archagathus in command of the African campaign and return to
Sicily. He starts constructing transports and when enough ships have been built sets sail for Sicily.[6]
Archagathus sends Eumachus, one of his father's generals, on two successful inland campaigns. On both occasions Eumachus gained a lot of war booty.[7][8]
Carthage musters (30,000 soldiers in total) and sends out three armies; one inland, one into the midlands, and one against the cities along the coast.[9]
Archagathus counters by dividing his army in three and sending them against the Carthaginian armies. Unfortunately for the Greeks, one army (commanded by Aeschrion) gets ambushed and another (commanded by Eumachus) is defeated in battle. Archagathus retreats to
Tunis, regroups his army and sends messengers to his father in Sicily to inform him on the situation .The Carthaginians concentrate their forces at Tunis as well and start a blockade of the city.[10][11]
Agathocles returns to his expeditionary army. Trying to restore his army's moral, he fights a battle under less than ideal conditions and suffers a bloody defeat (losing 3,000 soldiers).[12]
During a victory ceremony involving human sacrifice (the Carthaginians sacrificed prisoners of war by burning them alive) the Carthaginian camp catches fire, in the ensuing panic the Carthaginian army breaks and flees back to Carthage.[13][14]
5,000 Libyans deserters, who came fleeing back to Agathocles' camp, cause panic in the Greek camp, scattering the army.[15]
After the lost battle and the night-time panic, all his Libyan allies desert. With his army in no condition to fight on, Agathocles decides to return to Sicily.[16][17]
Agathocles abandons his army and his sons and secretly sails back to Sicily. His soldiers kill his sons in anger.[16][17]
Sicily
Xenodocus, a general from
Acragas, leads an army of 10,000 infantry and 1,000 cavalry against
Agathocles' generals on Sicily. Leptines and Demophilus, two of Agathocles' generals, oppose Xenoducus with 8,200 infantry and 1,200 cavalry. Xenoducus is defeated and retreats to Acragas. As a result of this defeat the people of Acragas give up the fight against Agathocles.[18]
Agathocles puts in at
Selinus, marches on Heraclea (probably
Heraclea Minoa) and forces its people to submit once more. He then marches across the island on the city of
Therma, makes a treaty with its people and removes its Carthaginian garrison. After taking
Cephaloedium (near Therma), he marches back south taking the cities of
Centuripa and
Sicily.[18]
Deinocrates, the leader of the exiles, proclaims himself the champion of common liberty and uses this to gather the bulk of Agathocles' enemies into one army. After mustering an army of 20,000 infantry and 1,500 cavalry, he marches on Agathocles, who refuses to do battle and retreats to
Syracuse.[7]
Receiving word of the losses that had been inflicted on his expeditionary army (commanded by his son Archagathus) in Africa, Agathocles equips 17 warships to go to his son's aid. While breaking through the Carthaginian blockade, he is able to defeat his opponents' fleet.[11]
Leptines, one of Agathocles' generals, defeats Xenodocus for the second time.[19]
Agathocles purges Syracuse of his opponents; 500 citizens are executed. With the city secure in his loyalty he sets sail for Africa.[20]
After meeting disaster in Africa (losing his army and two of his sons), Agathocles returns to Sicily. In dire need of cash, he razes the city of
Segesta.[21]