This list of
fossilreptiles described in 2024 is a list of new
taxa of fossil reptiles that were
described during the year 2024, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile
paleontology that occurred in 2024.
A
mosasaur belonging to the subfamily Plioplatecarpinae. Announced in 2023; the final article version was published in 2024.
Squamate research
A study on the biogeography of squamates throughout their evolutionary history, providing evidence of a localized
Pangaean origin (Africa, Australia, Eurasia and
Sunda) of the squamate
crown group in the Jurassic followed by strong regionalization to Eurasia for subsequent Jurassic lineages, is published by Wilenzik, Barger & Pyron (2024).[9]
Revision of the fossil material of
Paleocene lizards from the Walbeck fissure filling (
Saxony-Anhalt,
Germany) is published by Čerňanský & Vasilyan (2024), who interpret Camptognathosaurus parisiensis as a
junior synonym of Glyptosaurus walbeckensis, resulting in a new combination Camptognathosaurus walbeckensis, tentatively assign C. walbeckensis to the family
Lacertidae, and interpret fossils of Parasauromalus paleocenicus as belonging to an indeterminate lacertid.[11]
Revision of the fossil material and a study on the affinities of Pseudopus pannonicus is published by Loréal, Georgalis & Čerňanský (2024), who interpret the majority of large
anguids from the
Neogene of Europe as
junior synonyms of P. pannonicus.[14]
The oldest fossil material of Platecarpus from Europe reported to date, as well as fossil material of Tylosaurus sp, is described from the
Santonian localities in the Sougraigne area (Aude Department,
France) by Plasse et al. (2024).[15]
Páramo-Fonseca et al. (2024) describe well-preserved
chondrocranial elements of a mosasaur specimen from the
Coniacian Galembo Formation (
Colombia), indicating that chondrocranium of mosasaurs was more reduced than in most lizards, but not as severly as in snakes and amphisbaenians, and that its reduction might have been related to the modification of limbs by adaptation to aquatic life.[16]
Rempert, Martens & Vinkeles Melchers (2024) describe new fossil material of mosasaurs from the Upper Cretaceous strata in Mississippi (United States), providing evidence of the presence of Mosasaurus hoffmannii during the Maastrichtian and of
cf.Platecarpus, an unnamed species of Plioplatecarpus from the
Demopolis Chalk and probably of Tylosaurus sp. during the Campanian.[17]
A study on a skull of a specimen of Plioplatecarpus from the
CampanianBearpaw Shale (
Alberta,
Canada) preserved with a
sclerotic ring is published by Holmes (2024), who interprets Plioplatecarpus as having a stereoscopic vision and capable of tracking quickly moving objects in light-poor conditions.[18]
Aniny et al. (2024) describe a trunk vertebra of Palaeophiscf.africanus from the Eocene deposits of the El Breij Depression (
Western Sahara), expanding known geographical range of the species.[19]
Garberoglio, Gómez & Caldwell (2024) describe fossil material of a large-bodied (estimated to be around 8 meters in total length) snake distinct from Titanoboa from the Paleocene
Cerrejón Formation (
Colombia) interpreted by the authors as an undetermined
palaeophiine.[20]
The first known snake assemblage from early
Clarendonian in North America is reported from the Penny Creek Local Fauna (
Ash Hollow Formation; Nebraska, United States) by Jacisin & Lawing (2024), who interpret the studied fossils as indicative of a woodland-prairie environment with a permanent stream or river as a local water source.[21]
ElShafie (2024) presents novel methods which can be used to determine body size from isolated lizard bones and applies these methods to a sample of lizard bones from the Paleogene of North America.[22]
Liu, Wu & Qiao (2024) describe a new
hupehsuchian specimen from the Lower Triassic strata in South China, identified as a new morphotype of Nanchangosaurus and preserving the first known fossil material of palate, zeugopodium and autopodium of Nanchangosaurus.[26]
Evidence from experiments with soft robotic models, indicative of a direct correlation between fin shape and the pitch torque generated while swimming in
ichthyosauriforms, is presented by Sprumont et al. (2024).[27]
A study on bone arrangement in ichthyosaur fins throughout their evolutionary history, providing evidence of the presence of a broad array of connectivity patterns, is published by Fernández et al. (2024).[28]
Fossil material of medium- to large-sized probable ichthyopterygians is described from the
Anisian strata in South Primorye (
Russia) by Zakharov et al. (2024).[30]
Putative bone fragments of large-bodied dinosaurs from
Rhaetian strata in
France,
Germany and
United Kingdom are reinterpreted as fossil material of large-bodied ichthyosaurs by Perillo & Sander (2024).[31]
Description of Early Jurassic ichthyosaur specimens from the collection of fossils amassed by
Charles Moore is published by Massare et al. (2024).[32]
Campos et al. (2024) redescribe the
holotype of Myobradypterygius hauthali, interpreting this species as phylogenetically distant from species belonging to the genus Platypterygius, and consider Myobradypterygius to be a distinct genus.[33]
A polycotylid. The type species is U. specta. Announced in 2023; the final article version will be published in 2024.
Sauropterygian research
A study on tooth wear patterns in Middle and Late Triassic placodonts from Europe, interpreted as suggestive of different diet composition of the studied placodonts (with some taxa unlikely to feed solely on hard-shelled animals), is published by Gere et al. (2024).[38]
Kear et al. (2024) describe a nothosaur vertebra from the
Anisian Balmacaan Formation (
New Zealand), representing the oldest sauropterygian record from the Southern Hemisphere reported to date.[39]
A study on the tooth replacement in Maresaurus coccai, and on its implications for reconstructions of changes of the tooth replacement cycle period of plesiosaurs throughout their evolutionary history, is published by Matelo Mirco, O'Gorman &
Gasparini (2024).[40]
Alhalabi et al. (2024) describe fossil material of an
elasmosaurid from the
Coniacian-
Santonian Rmah Formation (
Syria), representing the most complete plesiosaur specimen from the Middle East reported to date and likely the oldest Cretaceous plesiosaur from the Middle East.[41]
A study on the histology of the vertebrae of Vegasaurus molyi from different sections of the vertebral column is published by Talevi, Garat & Fernández (2024).[42]
O'Gorman (2024) studies the neck elongation pattern in Elasmosaurus platyurus, taking the
taphonomic distortion into account, and presents a new scheme of neck elongation patterns in plesiosaurs with a long neck and small skull.[43]
Zverkov et al. (2024) redescribe Polycotylus sopozkoi and confirm its status as a distinct species within the genus Polycotylus.[44]
A member of the family
Nanhsiungchelyidae. The type species is X. yingliangi.
Turtle research
Pereira et al. (2024) provide evidence of two peaks in extinction rates in the evolutionary history of turtles, with the first peak coinciding with the Cretaceous-Paleogene transition, and the second one (possibly caused by hominin activities) beginning in and continuing since the Pliocene.[50]
Redescription of the anatomy of the skull of Heckerochelys romani is published by Obraztsova, Sukhanov & Danilov (2024).[52]
A study on the biomechanical performance of the skull Niolamia argentina of is published by Degrange et al. (2024), who interpret the frill and horns of N. argentina as more likely used for display than for combat.[53]
Sterli et al. (2024) describe fossil material of a new turtle taxon from the
Cenomanian Piedra Clavada Formation (
Argentina), with a distinctive morphology indicating that it belongs to a previously unrecognized lineage of turtles, and representing the oldest Late Cretaceous turtle from the southernmost part of South America reported to date.[54]
Cadena et al. (2024) describe new fossil material of Puentemys mushaisaensis from the Paleogene Arcillolitas de Socha Formation (
Boyacá Department,
Colombia), expanding known geographical range of the species, and interpret its presence in both Arcillolitas de Socha Formation and the Cerrejón Coal Mine as indicative of connectivity of coastal and inland ecosystems in northern South America during the late Paleocene to early Eocene.[57]
Sena et al. (2024) study the microstructure of shells of Bauruemys elegans and other members of
Pelomedusoides from the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene strata in southern
Brazil, and interpret their findings as consistent with an aquatic to semi-aquatic lifestyle of the studied turtles, as well as supporting the interpretation of the turtle carapace as originating endoskeletally from ribs and vertebral arches.[58]
New information on the shell anatomy of Neochelys zamorensis is presented by Pérez-García et al. (2024).[59]
Pérez-García, Camilo & Ortega (2024) describe new fossil material of Selenemys lusitanica from the Upper Jurassic Bombarral and Sobral formations (
Portugal), providing new information on the shell anatomy of this turtle.[60]
Spicher, Lyson & Evers (2024) redescribe the anatomy of the skull of Saxochelys gilberti.[61]
Redescription of the anatomy of the skull of Allaeochelys libyca is published by Rollot, Evers & Joyce (2024).[62]
Description of an isolated cranium of Axestemys infernalis, representing the first trionychid skull material from the
MaastrichtianLance Formation (Wyoming, United States), and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of A. infernalis is published by Ponstein et al. (2024).[63]
Girard et al. (2024) describe new fossil material of Hutchemys rememdium from the Sentinel Butte and Bullion Creek formations of the Fort Union Group (
North Dakota,
United States), including the first known skull material of a member of the genus Hutchemys.[64]
The first fossil marine turtle found with
gastroliths preserved in its body cavity (a
protostegid possibly belonging to the species Protosphargis veronensis) is described from the
Turonian strata of Scaglia Rossa (
Italy) by Serafini et al. (2024).[66]
Evers & Al Iawati (2024) describe the anatomy of the skull of Stylemys nebrascensis, and interpret this species as a possible
stem-representative of the gopher tortoise lineage.[67]
Torres et al. (2024) interpret tortoise fossil material from the Late Pleistocene strata in
Ecuador as belonging to the
sister taxon of the
Galápagos tortoises, and interpret the studied fossils as indicating that the ancestors of the Galápagos tortoises evolved large body size before reaching the
Galápagos Islands from the South American continent.[68]
A study on the evolutionary history of turtles from insular Southeast Asia is published by Claude et al. (2024), who confirm that Duboisemys isoclina was an endemic extinct taxon.[69]
A non-archosaurian archosauriform. The type species is M. angustifrons.
Archosauriform research
Sharma et al. (2024) describe new
proterosuchid material from the Lower Triassic (
Induan)
Panchet Formation (
India), consider fossil material of "Teratosaurus" bengalensis to likely belong to a proterosuchid, and find no evidence for the presence of more than one archosauromorph taxon in the upper Panchet Formation.[71]
A study on jaw mechanics of Proterochampsa nodosa de Simão-Oliveira et al. (2024), who report that Proterochampsa was able to perform bite forces comparable to those of alligators, but also that its jaws were more susceptible to bending than jaws of alligators, as well as more prone to accumulate stresses resulting from muscle contraction than both alligators and false gharials.[72]
Sander & Wellnitz (2024) describe a phytosaur
osteoderm from the Upper Triassic strata in the Bonenburg clay pit (Contorta Beds of the
Exter Formation;
North Rhine-Westphalia,
Germany) representing the youngest well-dated phytosaur fossil reported to date, and indicating that phytosaurs survived into the late middle
Rhaetian, at most two million years before the end of the Triassic.[74]
A study on the microanatomy and replacement of teeth in
mesosaurs is published by Carlisbino et al. (2024).[82]
New information on the anatomy of the skull of Emeroleter levis is presented by Bazzana-Adams, MacDougall & Fröbisch (2024), who also study the phylogenetic relationships of
nycteroleterids.[83]
A study on the chronological sequence of late Permian localities in Eastern Europe preserving pareiasaur
osteoderms is published by Golubev, Naumcheva & Boyarinova (2024).[84]
Redescription of the anatomy of the skull and a study on the affinities of Nanoparia luckhoffi is published by Van den Brandt et al. (2024).[85]
Mooney et al. (2024) describe a skeleton of Captorhinus aguti from the
Richards Spur locality (Oklahoma, United States), preserved with integumentary structures interpreted as remnants of the
epidermis, and showing surface morphologies of the skin consistent with variation in most extant and extinct reptiles.[86]
A study on the bone histology of Priosphenodon avelasi, interpreted as indicative of alternation between periods of slow and fast growth, is published by Cavasin, Cerda & Apesteguía (2024).[88]
Taxonomic revision of the genus Xinpusaurus is published by Maisch (2024), who considers X. suni and X. kohi to be valid species belonging to this genus, interprets X. bamaolinensis as a
junior synonym of X. suni, and transfers X. xingyiensis to the genus Concavispina.[89]
Redescription of the skeletal anatomy of Dinocephalosaurus orientalis is published by Spiekman et al. (2024), who interpret D. orientalis as adapted to more open waters than Tanystropheus hydroides, and consider the similarities between Dinocephalosaurus and Tanystropheus to be largely
convergent.[91]
Redescription of Trachelosaurus fischeri, interpreted as the first unambiguous Dinocephalosaurus-like archosauromorph found outside the
Guanling Formation, is published by Spiekman et al. (2024), who consider the family Trachelosauridae to be the
senior synonym of the family Dinocephalosauridae, and name a new clade of non-
crocopodan archosauromorphs
Tanysauria.[92]
A study on the shape variation in the cervical vertebrae of
tanystropheids and related archosauromorphs, providing evidence of existence of modularity patterns in the necks of early archosauromorphs and evidence indicating that elongated necks of tanystropheids and archosaurs evolved in different ways, is published by Rytel et al. (2024).[93]
A study on the bone histology of Ozimek volans, providing evidence of similarity of the histology of its long bones to those of small bats, is published by Konietzko-Meier et al. (2024).[94]
Schiefelbein et al. (2024) describe a new specimen of "Hyperodapedon" sanjuanensis from the Upper Triassic Candelária Sequence of the Santa Maria Supersequence (Brazil), preserving delicate scleral ossicles and providing information on the visual adaptations of hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs.[96]
Rossi et al. (2024) report that purported soft tissues of the holotype of Tridentinosaurus antiquus are actually manufactured pigment, indicating that the body outline is a forgery and the only real parts of the specimen are the hindlimbs and
osteoderms, and consider the validity of the taxon to be doubtful.[98]
Zverkov et al. (2024) revise the fossil record of marine reptiles from the
Callovian of European
Russia, providing evidence of the presence of a relict
rhomaleosaurid as well as ichthyosaurs and
thalattosuchians distinct from Western European ones in the early Callovian, and evidence of exchange of marine reptile faunas between Western and Eastern European seas in the middle to late Callovian.[100]
Foffa, Young & Brusatte (2024) study the morphological and functional variation of lower jaws of marine reptiles from the
Oxford Clay and
Kimmeridge Clay formations, providing evidence of
convergence of members of distantly related groups to similar feeding strategies, and likely evidence of niche partitioning among coexisting reptiles.[101]
A study on the orbit and eye size in fossil
archosauromorphs is published by Lautenschlager et al. (2024), who find that the largest eyes relative to the skull length were mostly present in small taxa, that herbivorous species had on average both larger orbits and larger skulls than carnivores, that eyes which were large in absolute terms appeared predominantly in large-sized dinosaurs irrespective of their diet, and that different activity patterns cannot be determined on the basis of orbit size alone.[102]
A study on the evolution of locomotion in archosauromorph reptiles is published by Shipley et al. (2024), who interpret their findings as indicative of greater range in limb form and locomotor modes of dinosaurs compared to other archosauromorph groups, and argue that the ability to adopt a wider variety of limb forms and modes might have given dinosaurs a competitive advantage over
pseudosuchians.[103]
^Shaker, A. A.; Longrich, N. R.; Strougo, A.; Asan, A.; Bardet, N.; Mousa, M. K.; Tantawy, A. A.; Abu El-Kheir, G. A. (2023). "A new species of Halisaurus (Mosasauridae: Halisaurinae) from the lower Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Western Desert, Egypt". Cretaceous Research. 154. 105719.
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^Croghan, J. A.; Palci, A.; Onary, S.; Lee, M. S. Y.; Caldwell, M. W. (2024). "Morphology and systematics of a new fossil snake from the early Rupelian (Oligocene) White River Formation, Wyoming". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
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^Garberoglio, F. F.; Gómez, R. O.; Apesteguía, S.; Rougier, G. W. (2024). "A Late Cretaceous lizard assemblage from the Allen Formation, northern Patagonia, Argentina". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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^Loréal, E.; Georgalis, G. L.; Čerňanský, A. (2024). "Pseudopus pannonicus (Squamata), the largest known anguid lizard—Redescription of the type material and new specimens from the Neogene and Quaternary of Hungary and Poland". The Anatomical Record.
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^Plasse, M.; Valentin, X.; Garcia, G.; Guinot, G.; Bardet, N. (2024). "New remains of Mosasauroidea (Reptilia, Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) of Aude, southern France". Cretaceous Research. 157. 105823.
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^Rempert, T. H.; Martens, B. P.; Vinkeles Melchers, A. P. M. (2024). "New mosasaur remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Mississippi". The Mosasaur. The Journal of the Delaware Valley Paleontological Society. 13: 79–90.
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^Holmes, R. B. (2024). "Evaluation of the photosensory characteristics of the lateral and pineal eyes of Plioplatecarpus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) based on an exceptionally preserved specimen from the Bearpaw Shale (Campanian, Upper Cretaceous) of southern Alberta". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2335174.
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^Aniny, F.; Georgalis, G. L.; Gingerich, P. D.; Zouhri, S. (2024). "Occurrence of the large aquatic snake Palaeophis cf. africanus (Serpentes, Palaeophiidae) in the middle Eocene of the Sabkha El Breij, southwestern Morocco". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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^Garberoglio, F. F.; Gómez, R. O.; Caldwell, M. W. (2024). "New record of aquatic snakes (Squamata, Palaeophiidae) from the Paleocene of South America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (4). e2305892.
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^Liu, J.; Wu, F.; Qiao, Y. (2024). "A new basal hupehsuchian from the Early Triassic of South China and its implication to the phylogenetic relationships of Ichthyosauromorpha (Reptilia: Diapsida)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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10.1080/08912963.2024.2354791.
^Zakharov, Y. D.; Nakajima, Y.; Arkhangelsky, M. S.; Popov, A. M.; Bondarenko, L. G.; Smyshlyaeva, O. P.; Pokrovsky, V. K. (2024). "New Finds of Triassic Marine Reptiles from Eastern Russia: Ammonoid Age Control and Possible Evidence for Ichthyopterygian Affinities". Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation. 32 (3): 242–264.
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^Campos, L.; Fernández, M. S.; Bosio, V.; Herrera, Y.; Manzo, A. (2024). "Revalidation of Myobradypterygius hauthali Huene, 1927 and the phylogenetic signal within the ophthalmosaurid (Ichthyosauria) forefins". Cretaceous Research. 157. 105818.
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^Alhalabi, W. A.; Bardet, N.; Sachs, S.; Kear, B. P.; Joude, I. B.; Yazbek, M. K.; Godoy, P. L.; Langer, M. C. (2024). "Recovering lost time in Syria: New Late Cretaceous (Coniacian-Santonian) elasmosaurid remains from the Palmyrides mountain chain". Cretaceous Research. 159. 105871.
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10.1016/j.cretres.2024.105871.
^Talevi, M.; Garat, L. M.; Fernández, M. S. (2024). "Comparative analysis of bone microstructure and histology in different sections of the vertebral column of Vegasaurus molyi (Plesiosaur: Elasmosaurid) from the Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica". Ameghiniana.
doi:
10.5710/AMGH.15.04.2024.3599.
^Zverkov, N. G.; Grigoriev, D. V.; Meleshin, I. A.; Nikiforov, A. V. (2024). "Revision of the plesiosaur Polycotylus sopozkoi from the Southern Urals (Russia) confirms the wide distribution of Polycotylus in the Late Cretaceous of the Northern Hemisphere". Cretaceous Research. 105879.
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^Pappa, I.; Vlachos, E.; Frey, E.; Iliopoulos, G. (2024). "A new species of a snapping turtle (Pan-Chelydridae/Chelydropsis) from the Upper Miocene (MN9, early Vallesian) of Southwest Germany". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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^Ke, Y.; Niu, K.; Rummy, P.; Tong, H.; Hu, J.; Han, F. (2024). "Xianyuechelys yingliangi: a new nanhsiungchelyid turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou Basin, China". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 22 (1). 2346838.
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10.1080/14772019.2024.2346838.
^Pereira, A. G.; Antonelli, A.; Silvestro, D.; Faurby, S. (2024). "Two Major Extinction Events in the Evolutionary History of Turtles: One Caused by an Asteroid, the Other by Hominins". The American Naturalist. 203 (6): 644–654.
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^Obraztsova, E. M.; Sukhanov, V. B.; Danilov, I. G. (2024). "Cranial morphology of Heckerochelys romani Sukhanov, 2006, a stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia, with implications for the paleoecology of stem turtles". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (3). e2293997.
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^Degrange, F. J.; Nieto, M. N.; Sterli, J.; Vlachos, E. (2024). "Biomechanical skull performance in the meiolaniid Niolamia argentina (Testudinata: Meiolaniidae) using Finite Element Analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2357315.
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^Tong, H.; Chanthasit, P.; Naksri, W.; Suteethorn, S.; Claude, J. (2024). "New material of turtles from the Upper Jurassic of Phu Noi, NE Thailand: Phylogenetic implications". Annales de Paléontologie. 109 (4). 102656.
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^Sena, M. V. A.; Simbras, F. M.; Sayão, J. M.; Oliveira, G. R. (2024). "Insights into the shell microstructure of Bauruemys elegans and other pelomedusoids from the Cretaceous and Paleogene in Southern Brazil, including first Testudines material from Jangada Roncador Village, Paraná Basin". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 104886.
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^Torres, F.; Huang, E. J.; Román-Carrion, J. L.; Bever, G. S. (2024). "New insights into the origin of the Galápagos tortoises with a tip-dated analysis of Testudinidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (4). e2313615.
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^Claude, J.; Tong, H.; van der Geer, A.; Antoine, P.-O.; Reyes, M.; de Vos, J.; Ingicco, T. (2024). "The origin of the Malesian fossil turtle diversity: Fossil versus molecular data". Annales de Paléontologie. 110 (1). 102665.
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^Sues, H.-D.; Spiekman, S. N. F.; Schoch, R. R. (2024). "Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of a new archosauriform reptile from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) of Germany". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2357326.
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^de Simão-Oliveira, D.; dos Santos, T.; Pinheiro, F. L.; Pretto, F. A. (2024). "Assessing the adductor musculature and jaw mechanics of Proterochampsa nodosa (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) through finite element analysis". The Anatomical Record. 307 (4): 1300–1314.
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^Agnolín, F. L.; Aranciaga Rolando, A. M.; Chimento, N. R.; Novas, F. E. (2023). "New small reptile remains from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia increase morphological diversity of sphenodontids (Lepidosauria)". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 135: 36–44.
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^Kligman, B. T.; Sues, H.-D.; Melstrom, K. M. (2024). "A new lizard-like reptile with unusual mandibular neurovasculature from the Upper Triassic of Virginia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2353636.
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^Jenkins, K. M.; Bell, C. J.; Hancox, P. J.; Lewis, P. J. (2024). "A new species of Palacrodon and a unique form of tooth attachment in reptiles". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2328658.
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^Jung, J. P.; Sues, H.-D. (2024). "Reassessment of 'Captorhinikos' chozaensis, an early Permian (Cisuralian: Kungurian) captorhinid reptile from Oklahoma and north-central Texas". Journal of Paleontology: 1–13.
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10.1017/jpa.2023.85.
^Pugh, I.; Nesbitt, S. J.; Heckert, A. B.; Lauer, R.; Lauer, B. (2024). "A new drepanosauromorph (Diapsida) from East–Central New Mexico and diversity of drepanosaur morphology and ecology at the Upper Triassic Homestead Site at Garita Creek (Triassic: mid-Norian)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2363202.
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^Carlisbino, T.; Farias, B. D. M.; Sedor, F. A.; Soares, M. B.; Schultz, C. L. (2024). "Replacement tooth in mesosaurs and new data on dental microanatomy and microstructure". The Anatomical Record.
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^Golubev, V. K.; Naumcheva, M. A.; Boyarinova, E. I. (2024). "Postcranial Osteoderms of Late Permian Pareiasaurs from Eastern Europe. I. Chronology of Localities". Paleontological Journal. 58 (3): 324–334.
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^Maisch, M. W. (2024). "Notes on thalattosaurs (Reptilia, Triassic) with special reference to the genus Xinpusaurus, from the Upper Triassic of SW-China". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 311 (3): 229–280.
doi:
10.1127/njgpa/2024/1191.
^Sengupta, S.; Ezcurra, M. D.; Bandyopadhyay, S. (2024). "The redescription of Malerisaurus robinsonae (Archosauromorpha: Allokotosauria) from the Upper Triassic lower Maleri Formation, Pranhita-Godavari Basin, India". The Anatomical Record. 307 (4): 1315–1365.
doi:
10.1002/ar.25392.
PMID38278769.
S2CID267268073.
^Schiefelbein, J. H.; Garcia, M. S.; Cabreira, S. F.; Silva, L. R.; Müller, R. T. (2024). "Craniomandibular osteology and the first record of the ocular skeleton in a South American rhynchosaur (Archosauromorpha, Hyperodapedontinae)". Palaeoworld.
doi:
10.1016/j.palwor.2024.07.002.
^De-Oliveira, T. M.; Da Silva, J. L.; Kerber, L.; Pinheiro, F. L. (2024). "The postcranial skeleton of Teyujagua paradoxa (Reptilia: Archosauromorpha) from the early Triassic of South America". The Anatomical Record. 307 (4): 752–775.
doi:
10.1002/ar.25391.
PMID38259049.
S2CID267094432.
This list of
fossilreptiles described in 2024 is a list of new
taxa of fossil reptiles that were
described during the year 2024, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile
paleontology that occurred in 2024.
A
mosasaur belonging to the subfamily Plioplatecarpinae. Announced in 2023; the final article version was published in 2024.
Squamate research
A study on the biogeography of squamates throughout their evolutionary history, providing evidence of a localized
Pangaean origin (Africa, Australia, Eurasia and
Sunda) of the squamate
crown group in the Jurassic followed by strong regionalization to Eurasia for subsequent Jurassic lineages, is published by Wilenzik, Barger & Pyron (2024).[9]
Revision of the fossil material of
Paleocene lizards from the Walbeck fissure filling (
Saxony-Anhalt,
Germany) is published by Čerňanský & Vasilyan (2024), who interpret Camptognathosaurus parisiensis as a
junior synonym of Glyptosaurus walbeckensis, resulting in a new combination Camptognathosaurus walbeckensis, tentatively assign C. walbeckensis to the family
Lacertidae, and interpret fossils of Parasauromalus paleocenicus as belonging to an indeterminate lacertid.[11]
Revision of the fossil material and a study on the affinities of Pseudopus pannonicus is published by Loréal, Georgalis & Čerňanský (2024), who interpret the majority of large
anguids from the
Neogene of Europe as
junior synonyms of P. pannonicus.[14]
The oldest fossil material of Platecarpus from Europe reported to date, as well as fossil material of Tylosaurus sp, is described from the
Santonian localities in the Sougraigne area (Aude Department,
France) by Plasse et al. (2024).[15]
Páramo-Fonseca et al. (2024) describe well-preserved
chondrocranial elements of a mosasaur specimen from the
Coniacian Galembo Formation (
Colombia), indicating that chondrocranium of mosasaurs was more reduced than in most lizards, but not as severly as in snakes and amphisbaenians, and that its reduction might have been related to the modification of limbs by adaptation to aquatic life.[16]
Rempert, Martens & Vinkeles Melchers (2024) describe new fossil material of mosasaurs from the Upper Cretaceous strata in Mississippi (United States), providing evidence of the presence of Mosasaurus hoffmannii during the Maastrichtian and of
cf.Platecarpus, an unnamed species of Plioplatecarpus from the
Demopolis Chalk and probably of Tylosaurus sp. during the Campanian.[17]
A study on a skull of a specimen of Plioplatecarpus from the
CampanianBearpaw Shale (
Alberta,
Canada) preserved with a
sclerotic ring is published by Holmes (2024), who interprets Plioplatecarpus as having a stereoscopic vision and capable of tracking quickly moving objects in light-poor conditions.[18]
Aniny et al. (2024) describe a trunk vertebra of Palaeophiscf.africanus from the Eocene deposits of the El Breij Depression (
Western Sahara), expanding known geographical range of the species.[19]
Garberoglio, Gómez & Caldwell (2024) describe fossil material of a large-bodied (estimated to be around 8 meters in total length) snake distinct from Titanoboa from the Paleocene
Cerrejón Formation (
Colombia) interpreted by the authors as an undetermined
palaeophiine.[20]
The first known snake assemblage from early
Clarendonian in North America is reported from the Penny Creek Local Fauna (
Ash Hollow Formation; Nebraska, United States) by Jacisin & Lawing (2024), who interpret the studied fossils as indicative of a woodland-prairie environment with a permanent stream or river as a local water source.[21]
ElShafie (2024) presents novel methods which can be used to determine body size from isolated lizard bones and applies these methods to a sample of lizard bones from the Paleogene of North America.[22]
Liu, Wu & Qiao (2024) describe a new
hupehsuchian specimen from the Lower Triassic strata in South China, identified as a new morphotype of Nanchangosaurus and preserving the first known fossil material of palate, zeugopodium and autopodium of Nanchangosaurus.[26]
Evidence from experiments with soft robotic models, indicative of a direct correlation between fin shape and the pitch torque generated while swimming in
ichthyosauriforms, is presented by Sprumont et al. (2024).[27]
A study on bone arrangement in ichthyosaur fins throughout their evolutionary history, providing evidence of the presence of a broad array of connectivity patterns, is published by Fernández et al. (2024).[28]
Fossil material of medium- to large-sized probable ichthyopterygians is described from the
Anisian strata in South Primorye (
Russia) by Zakharov et al. (2024).[30]
Putative bone fragments of large-bodied dinosaurs from
Rhaetian strata in
France,
Germany and
United Kingdom are reinterpreted as fossil material of large-bodied ichthyosaurs by Perillo & Sander (2024).[31]
Description of Early Jurassic ichthyosaur specimens from the collection of fossils amassed by
Charles Moore is published by Massare et al. (2024).[32]
Campos et al. (2024) redescribe the
holotype of Myobradypterygius hauthali, interpreting this species as phylogenetically distant from species belonging to the genus Platypterygius, and consider Myobradypterygius to be a distinct genus.[33]
A polycotylid. The type species is U. specta. Announced in 2023; the final article version will be published in 2024.
Sauropterygian research
A study on tooth wear patterns in Middle and Late Triassic placodonts from Europe, interpreted as suggestive of different diet composition of the studied placodonts (with some taxa unlikely to feed solely on hard-shelled animals), is published by Gere et al. (2024).[38]
Kear et al. (2024) describe a nothosaur vertebra from the
Anisian Balmacaan Formation (
New Zealand), representing the oldest sauropterygian record from the Southern Hemisphere reported to date.[39]
A study on the tooth replacement in Maresaurus coccai, and on its implications for reconstructions of changes of the tooth replacement cycle period of plesiosaurs throughout their evolutionary history, is published by Matelo Mirco, O'Gorman &
Gasparini (2024).[40]
Alhalabi et al. (2024) describe fossil material of an
elasmosaurid from the
Coniacian-
Santonian Rmah Formation (
Syria), representing the most complete plesiosaur specimen from the Middle East reported to date and likely the oldest Cretaceous plesiosaur from the Middle East.[41]
A study on the histology of the vertebrae of Vegasaurus molyi from different sections of the vertebral column is published by Talevi, Garat & Fernández (2024).[42]
O'Gorman (2024) studies the neck elongation pattern in Elasmosaurus platyurus, taking the
taphonomic distortion into account, and presents a new scheme of neck elongation patterns in plesiosaurs with a long neck and small skull.[43]
Zverkov et al. (2024) redescribe Polycotylus sopozkoi and confirm its status as a distinct species within the genus Polycotylus.[44]
A member of the family
Nanhsiungchelyidae. The type species is X. yingliangi.
Turtle research
Pereira et al. (2024) provide evidence of two peaks in extinction rates in the evolutionary history of turtles, with the first peak coinciding with the Cretaceous-Paleogene transition, and the second one (possibly caused by hominin activities) beginning in and continuing since the Pliocene.[50]
Redescription of the anatomy of the skull of Heckerochelys romani is published by Obraztsova, Sukhanov & Danilov (2024).[52]
A study on the biomechanical performance of the skull Niolamia argentina of is published by Degrange et al. (2024), who interpret the frill and horns of N. argentina as more likely used for display than for combat.[53]
Sterli et al. (2024) describe fossil material of a new turtle taxon from the
Cenomanian Piedra Clavada Formation (
Argentina), with a distinctive morphology indicating that it belongs to a previously unrecognized lineage of turtles, and representing the oldest Late Cretaceous turtle from the southernmost part of South America reported to date.[54]
Cadena et al. (2024) describe new fossil material of Puentemys mushaisaensis from the Paleogene Arcillolitas de Socha Formation (
Boyacá Department,
Colombia), expanding known geographical range of the species, and interpret its presence in both Arcillolitas de Socha Formation and the Cerrejón Coal Mine as indicative of connectivity of coastal and inland ecosystems in northern South America during the late Paleocene to early Eocene.[57]
Sena et al. (2024) study the microstructure of shells of Bauruemys elegans and other members of
Pelomedusoides from the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene strata in southern
Brazil, and interpret their findings as consistent with an aquatic to semi-aquatic lifestyle of the studied turtles, as well as supporting the interpretation of the turtle carapace as originating endoskeletally from ribs and vertebral arches.[58]
New information on the shell anatomy of Neochelys zamorensis is presented by Pérez-García et al. (2024).[59]
Pérez-García, Camilo & Ortega (2024) describe new fossil material of Selenemys lusitanica from the Upper Jurassic Bombarral and Sobral formations (
Portugal), providing new information on the shell anatomy of this turtle.[60]
Spicher, Lyson & Evers (2024) redescribe the anatomy of the skull of Saxochelys gilberti.[61]
Redescription of the anatomy of the skull of Allaeochelys libyca is published by Rollot, Evers & Joyce (2024).[62]
Description of an isolated cranium of Axestemys infernalis, representing the first trionychid skull material from the
MaastrichtianLance Formation (Wyoming, United States), and a study on the phylogenetic affinities of A. infernalis is published by Ponstein et al. (2024).[63]
Girard et al. (2024) describe new fossil material of Hutchemys rememdium from the Sentinel Butte and Bullion Creek formations of the Fort Union Group (
North Dakota,
United States), including the first known skull material of a member of the genus Hutchemys.[64]
The first fossil marine turtle found with
gastroliths preserved in its body cavity (a
protostegid possibly belonging to the species Protosphargis veronensis) is described from the
Turonian strata of Scaglia Rossa (
Italy) by Serafini et al. (2024).[66]
Evers & Al Iawati (2024) describe the anatomy of the skull of Stylemys nebrascensis, and interpret this species as a possible
stem-representative of the gopher tortoise lineage.[67]
Torres et al. (2024) interpret tortoise fossil material from the Late Pleistocene strata in
Ecuador as belonging to the
sister taxon of the
Galápagos tortoises, and interpret the studied fossils as indicating that the ancestors of the Galápagos tortoises evolved large body size before reaching the
Galápagos Islands from the South American continent.[68]
A study on the evolutionary history of turtles from insular Southeast Asia is published by Claude et al. (2024), who confirm that Duboisemys isoclina was an endemic extinct taxon.[69]
A non-archosaurian archosauriform. The type species is M. angustifrons.
Archosauriform research
Sharma et al. (2024) describe new
proterosuchid material from the Lower Triassic (
Induan)
Panchet Formation (
India), consider fossil material of "Teratosaurus" bengalensis to likely belong to a proterosuchid, and find no evidence for the presence of more than one archosauromorph taxon in the upper Panchet Formation.[71]
A study on jaw mechanics of Proterochampsa nodosa de Simão-Oliveira et al. (2024), who report that Proterochampsa was able to perform bite forces comparable to those of alligators, but also that its jaws were more susceptible to bending than jaws of alligators, as well as more prone to accumulate stresses resulting from muscle contraction than both alligators and false gharials.[72]
Sander & Wellnitz (2024) describe a phytosaur
osteoderm from the Upper Triassic strata in the Bonenburg clay pit (Contorta Beds of the
Exter Formation;
North Rhine-Westphalia,
Germany) representing the youngest well-dated phytosaur fossil reported to date, and indicating that phytosaurs survived into the late middle
Rhaetian, at most two million years before the end of the Triassic.[74]
A study on the microanatomy and replacement of teeth in
mesosaurs is published by Carlisbino et al. (2024).[82]
New information on the anatomy of the skull of Emeroleter levis is presented by Bazzana-Adams, MacDougall & Fröbisch (2024), who also study the phylogenetic relationships of
nycteroleterids.[83]
A study on the chronological sequence of late Permian localities in Eastern Europe preserving pareiasaur
osteoderms is published by Golubev, Naumcheva & Boyarinova (2024).[84]
Redescription of the anatomy of the skull and a study on the affinities of Nanoparia luckhoffi is published by Van den Brandt et al. (2024).[85]
Mooney et al. (2024) describe a skeleton of Captorhinus aguti from the
Richards Spur locality (Oklahoma, United States), preserved with integumentary structures interpreted as remnants of the
epidermis, and showing surface morphologies of the skin consistent with variation in most extant and extinct reptiles.[86]
A study on the bone histology of Priosphenodon avelasi, interpreted as indicative of alternation between periods of slow and fast growth, is published by Cavasin, Cerda & Apesteguía (2024).[88]
Taxonomic revision of the genus Xinpusaurus is published by Maisch (2024), who considers X. suni and X. kohi to be valid species belonging to this genus, interprets X. bamaolinensis as a
junior synonym of X. suni, and transfers X. xingyiensis to the genus Concavispina.[89]
Redescription of the skeletal anatomy of Dinocephalosaurus orientalis is published by Spiekman et al. (2024), who interpret D. orientalis as adapted to more open waters than Tanystropheus hydroides, and consider the similarities between Dinocephalosaurus and Tanystropheus to be largely
convergent.[91]
Redescription of Trachelosaurus fischeri, interpreted as the first unambiguous Dinocephalosaurus-like archosauromorph found outside the
Guanling Formation, is published by Spiekman et al. (2024), who consider the family Trachelosauridae to be the
senior synonym of the family Dinocephalosauridae, and name a new clade of non-
crocopodan archosauromorphs
Tanysauria.[92]
A study on the shape variation in the cervical vertebrae of
tanystropheids and related archosauromorphs, providing evidence of existence of modularity patterns in the necks of early archosauromorphs and evidence indicating that elongated necks of tanystropheids and archosaurs evolved in different ways, is published by Rytel et al. (2024).[93]
A study on the bone histology of Ozimek volans, providing evidence of similarity of the histology of its long bones to those of small bats, is published by Konietzko-Meier et al. (2024).[94]
Schiefelbein et al. (2024) describe a new specimen of "Hyperodapedon" sanjuanensis from the Upper Triassic Candelária Sequence of the Santa Maria Supersequence (Brazil), preserving delicate scleral ossicles and providing information on the visual adaptations of hyperodapedontine rhynchosaurs.[96]
Rossi et al. (2024) report that purported soft tissues of the holotype of Tridentinosaurus antiquus are actually manufactured pigment, indicating that the body outline is a forgery and the only real parts of the specimen are the hindlimbs and
osteoderms, and consider the validity of the taxon to be doubtful.[98]
Zverkov et al. (2024) revise the fossil record of marine reptiles from the
Callovian of European
Russia, providing evidence of the presence of a relict
rhomaleosaurid as well as ichthyosaurs and
thalattosuchians distinct from Western European ones in the early Callovian, and evidence of exchange of marine reptile faunas between Western and Eastern European seas in the middle to late Callovian.[100]
Foffa, Young & Brusatte (2024) study the morphological and functional variation of lower jaws of marine reptiles from the
Oxford Clay and
Kimmeridge Clay formations, providing evidence of
convergence of members of distantly related groups to similar feeding strategies, and likely evidence of niche partitioning among coexisting reptiles.[101]
A study on the orbit and eye size in fossil
archosauromorphs is published by Lautenschlager et al. (2024), who find that the largest eyes relative to the skull length were mostly present in small taxa, that herbivorous species had on average both larger orbits and larger skulls than carnivores, that eyes which were large in absolute terms appeared predominantly in large-sized dinosaurs irrespective of their diet, and that different activity patterns cannot be determined on the basis of orbit size alone.[102]
A study on the evolution of locomotion in archosauromorph reptiles is published by Shipley et al. (2024), who interpret their findings as indicative of greater range in limb form and locomotor modes of dinosaurs compared to other archosauromorph groups, and argue that the ability to adopt a wider variety of limb forms and modes might have given dinosaurs a competitive advantage over
pseudosuchians.[103]
^Shaker, A. A.; Longrich, N. R.; Strougo, A.; Asan, A.; Bardet, N.; Mousa, M. K.; Tantawy, A. A.; Abu El-Kheir, G. A. (2023). "A new species of Halisaurus (Mosasauridae: Halisaurinae) from the lower Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Western Desert, Egypt". Cretaceous Research. 154. 105719.
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10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105719.
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^Croghan, J. A.; Palci, A.; Onary, S.; Lee, M. S. Y.; Caldwell, M. W. (2024). "Morphology and systematics of a new fossil snake from the early Rupelian (Oligocene) White River Formation, Wyoming". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
doi:
10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae073.
^Garberoglio, F. F.; Gómez, R. O.; Apesteguía, S.; Rougier, G. W. (2024). "A Late Cretaceous lizard assemblage from the Allen Formation, northern Patagonia, Argentina". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
doi:
10.1080/08912963.2024.2344789.
^Loréal, E.; Georgalis, G. L.; Čerňanský, A. (2024). "Pseudopus pannonicus (Squamata), the largest known anguid lizard—Redescription of the type material and new specimens from the Neogene and Quaternary of Hungary and Poland". The Anatomical Record.
doi:
10.1002/ar.25525.
PMID38982846.
^Plasse, M.; Valentin, X.; Garcia, G.; Guinot, G.; Bardet, N. (2024). "New remains of Mosasauroidea (Reptilia, Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) of Aude, southern France". Cretaceous Research. 157. 105823.
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2024CrRes.15705823P.
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^Rempert, T. H.; Martens, B. P.; Vinkeles Melchers, A. P. M. (2024). "New mosasaur remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Mississippi". The Mosasaur. The Journal of the Delaware Valley Paleontological Society. 13: 79–90.
doi:
10.5281/zenodo.10472410.
^Holmes, R. B. (2024). "Evaluation of the photosensory characteristics of the lateral and pineal eyes of Plioplatecarpus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) based on an exceptionally preserved specimen from the Bearpaw Shale (Campanian, Upper Cretaceous) of southern Alberta". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2335174.
doi:
10.1080/02724634.2024.2335174.
^Aniny, F.; Georgalis, G. L.; Gingerich, P. D.; Zouhri, S. (2024). "Occurrence of the large aquatic snake Palaeophis cf. africanus (Serpentes, Palaeophiidae) in the middle Eocene of the Sabkha El Breij, southwestern Morocco". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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10.1080/08912963.2024.2352863.
^Garberoglio, F. F.; Gómez, R. O.; Caldwell, M. W. (2024). "New record of aquatic snakes (Squamata, Palaeophiidae) from the Paleocene of South America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (4). e2305892.
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10.1080/02724634.2024.2305892.
^Liu, J.; Wu, F.; Qiao, Y. (2024). "A new basal hupehsuchian from the Early Triassic of South China and its implication to the phylogenetic relationships of Ichthyosauromorpha (Reptilia: Diapsida)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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10.1080/08912963.2024.2354791.
^Zakharov, Y. D.; Nakajima, Y.; Arkhangelsky, M. S.; Popov, A. M.; Bondarenko, L. G.; Smyshlyaeva, O. P.; Pokrovsky, V. K. (2024). "New Finds of Triassic Marine Reptiles from Eastern Russia: Ammonoid Age Control and Possible Evidence for Ichthyopterygian Affinities". Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation. 32 (3): 242–264.
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10.1134/S0869593824030080.
^Campos, L.; Fernández, M. S.; Bosio, V.; Herrera, Y.; Manzo, A. (2024). "Revalidation of Myobradypterygius hauthali Huene, 1927 and the phylogenetic signal within the ophthalmosaurid (Ichthyosauria) forefins". Cretaceous Research. 157. 105818.
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^Alhalabi, W. A.; Bardet, N.; Sachs, S.; Kear, B. P.; Joude, I. B.; Yazbek, M. K.; Godoy, P. L.; Langer, M. C. (2024). "Recovering lost time in Syria: New Late Cretaceous (Coniacian-Santonian) elasmosaurid remains from the Palmyrides mountain chain". Cretaceous Research. 159. 105871.
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10.1016/j.cretres.2024.105871.
^Talevi, M.; Garat, L. M.; Fernández, M. S. (2024). "Comparative analysis of bone microstructure and histology in different sections of the vertebral column of Vegasaurus molyi (Plesiosaur: Elasmosaurid) from the Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica". Ameghiniana.
doi:
10.5710/AMGH.15.04.2024.3599.
^Zverkov, N. G.; Grigoriev, D. V.; Meleshin, I. A.; Nikiforov, A. V. (2024). "Revision of the plesiosaur Polycotylus sopozkoi from the Southern Urals (Russia) confirms the wide distribution of Polycotylus in the Late Cretaceous of the Northern Hemisphere". Cretaceous Research. 105879.
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^Pappa, I.; Vlachos, E.; Frey, E.; Iliopoulos, G. (2024). "A new species of a snapping turtle (Pan-Chelydridae/Chelydropsis) from the Upper Miocene (MN9, early Vallesian) of Southwest Germany". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology.
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^Ke, Y.; Niu, K.; Rummy, P.; Tong, H.; Hu, J.; Han, F. (2024). "Xianyuechelys yingliangi: a new nanhsiungchelyid turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou Basin, China". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 22 (1). 2346838.
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10.1080/14772019.2024.2346838.
^Pereira, A. G.; Antonelli, A.; Silvestro, D.; Faurby, S. (2024). "Two Major Extinction Events in the Evolutionary History of Turtles: One Caused by an Asteroid, the Other by Hominins". The American Naturalist. 203 (6): 644–654.
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^Obraztsova, E. M.; Sukhanov, V. B.; Danilov, I. G. (2024). "Cranial morphology of Heckerochelys romani Sukhanov, 2006, a stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia, with implications for the paleoecology of stem turtles". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (3). e2293997.
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^Degrange, F. J.; Nieto, M. N.; Sterli, J.; Vlachos, E. (2024). "Biomechanical skull performance in the meiolaniid Niolamia argentina (Testudinata: Meiolaniidae) using Finite Element Analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2357315.
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^Tong, H.; Chanthasit, P.; Naksri, W.; Suteethorn, S.; Claude, J. (2024). "New material of turtles from the Upper Jurassic of Phu Noi, NE Thailand: Phylogenetic implications". Annales de Paléontologie. 109 (4). 102656.
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^Sena, M. V. A.; Simbras, F. M.; Sayão, J. M.; Oliveira, G. R. (2024). "Insights into the shell microstructure of Bauruemys elegans and other pelomedusoids from the Cretaceous and Paleogene in Southern Brazil, including first Testudines material from Jangada Roncador Village, Paraná Basin". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 104886.
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^Torres, F.; Huang, E. J.; Román-Carrion, J. L.; Bever, G. S. (2024). "New insights into the origin of the Galápagos tortoises with a tip-dated analysis of Testudinidae". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (4). e2313615.
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^Claude, J.; Tong, H.; van der Geer, A.; Antoine, P.-O.; Reyes, M.; de Vos, J.; Ingicco, T. (2024). "The origin of the Malesian fossil turtle diversity: Fossil versus molecular data". Annales de Paléontologie. 110 (1). 102665.
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^Sues, H.-D.; Spiekman, S. N. F.; Schoch, R. R. (2024). "Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of a new archosauriform reptile from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) of Germany". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2357326.
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^de Simão-Oliveira, D.; dos Santos, T.; Pinheiro, F. L.; Pretto, F. A. (2024). "Assessing the adductor musculature and jaw mechanics of Proterochampsa nodosa (Archosauriformes: Proterochampsidae) through finite element analysis". The Anatomical Record. 307 (4): 1300–1314.
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^Agnolín, F. L.; Aranciaga Rolando, A. M.; Chimento, N. R.; Novas, F. E. (2023). "New small reptile remains from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia increase morphological diversity of sphenodontids (Lepidosauria)". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 135: 36–44.
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^Kligman, B. T.; Sues, H.-D.; Melstrom, K. M. (2024). "A new lizard-like reptile with unusual mandibular neurovasculature from the Upper Triassic of Virginia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2353636.
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^Jenkins, K. M.; Bell, C. J.; Hancox, P. J.; Lewis, P. J. (2024). "A new species of Palacrodon and a unique form of tooth attachment in reptiles". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2328658.
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^Jung, J. P.; Sues, H.-D. (2024). "Reassessment of 'Captorhinikos' chozaensis, an early Permian (Cisuralian: Kungurian) captorhinid reptile from Oklahoma and north-central Texas". Journal of Paleontology: 1–13.
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