Please contribute to the protection of the environment: print this document only if you consider it absolutely necessary.

Read all of this web page carefully because it contains important information for you. Keep the link to it in safe custody, you may need to read this web page again. Do not forget the  associate learning plan , that meets all the essential requirements of the academic program (ficha12a) corresponding to the course Further Mathematics taught at the School of Technology, University of Extremadura, in the current academic year. Do not forget either the corresponding talk pages.

Part of the collectivity participating in the course 'Further Mathematics' (learning plan strengthened by the English Wikipedia: Discrete and numerical mathematics), at the School of Technology (EPCC), in Cáceres, hopes to contribute to the English Wikipedia — pursuing the aesthetics of a learning community — through this university project. To date, this educational and learning project has had four editions (2017, 2018, 2019, 2020). There is an equivalent project for contributing to the Spanish Wikipedia from the same starting date to present.

'Let us extend the commons by facilitating the externalization of feelings and actions in favor of, in the long run, society recognizes knowledge as a res communis omnium — something that, by its nature, is intended to the joint utilization and is not susceptible to being individually appropriated, which private use is recognized but which doesn't have as a consequence any title of ownership for the user, furthermore, the right to use it is subject to a kind of use from which either no damage to knowledge or any restriction to free access may be drawn — and as a res extra comercium — something out of the trade, and therefore, free of charge.'

Juan Miguel León Rojas: 'Y lo que te rondaré, Commonledge' [And what I court you, Commonledge], Argumentos de Razón Técnica, no. 10, 2007, pp. 139–154. (In Spanish). Available by clicking here.

Facing the crossroads of the three different learning environments, formal, non-formal and informal, intertwined with individualist, cooperative, collaborative and active learning situations, looking to 21^st century skills and with some of Seneca's docendo discimus and of Socrates' maieutics, it is my aim with this project to contribute to the student's involvement in the organization and development of teaching, learning and evaluation, through the development of online learning materials, their revision and publication in Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia ( Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation 2015). In this way, they work competences that have been established for the Further Mathematics subject in the verified memories of the four-year bachelor's degree in Computing and Computer Engineering and of the four-year bachelor's degree in Computer Software Engineering, at the University of Extremadura.

We move away from the 'sit back and be told' culture towards the 'making and doing' culture ^[1]. Contributing to Wikipedia is an ideal way to find the balance between necessary rigour and neutrality, naturalness and straightforwardness of the language intended for disseminating academic knowledge. A training experience being able of bringing to light, capacities, abilities, dexterities, aptitudes, attitudes and values that have been intrinsic, reinforced or acquired during the learning process. At the same time as it puts to the test their understanding skills, their aptitude for practical work and their planning and management skills, it stimulates intuition and creativity and develops proactivity, self-esteem, autonomy and decision-making ability, reinforcing the capacity of adapting to new situations and changes and of assuming social responsibilities and the interpersonal and civic competences, and harmoniously combining freedom and respect.

Thus, in particular, the main elements linked to collaborative and cooperative learning that are strengthened are:

• Cooperating and collaborating
• Concrete critical thinking
• Collaborative and cooperative problem solving
• Improve writing skills ( stylistics)
• Individuality descentralisation, unity of image and joint communication
• Individual responsibility towards the team and society
• Joint research skills
• Knowledge transfer to society
• Participatory leadership (read about the 'sound [previously, team] style' in the article Managerial grid model) (see also Teoría situacional#Estilos de liderazgo, in Spanish)
• Peer learning
• Sharing and giving
• Socialisation
• Technical and communication skills
• Working and processing in teams

also reviewing several notions related to the communal, as, for example, commons, community, free knowledge and communitarianism.

The following soft skills are also reinforced, individually and as a team:

• Collaboration
• (General) Communication
• Creativity
• Organising (management)
• Persuasion
• Problem solving
• (Social) Adaptability ( Adaptabilidad (social), in Spanish)
• Time management

occasionally contributing to the reinforcement of the following hard skills:

• Analytic reasoning
• Compelling communication (journalism)
• Scientific computation
• Translation

being among the skills companies need most ^{[2] [3]}.

Working together with the community of Wikipedia makes us being aware of cutting-edge knowledge of discrete and numerical mathematics. Moreover, we all have the opportunity to deepen our vision upon applied academics, particularly in the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS). In addition, the fact that students become authors, taking part in publishing, and, therefore, transmitters of information, with the work of documentation (gathering and interpretation of data and information) that this entails, helps them to focus on core concepts, to distinguish between a specialised public or not, as well as to differentiate the encyclopedic point of view, purely informative and jealously objective, from the intersubjective or subjective one (this issue, however, is ultimately avoidable because we are able to elaborate and defend arguments and make judgements, in the talk page of any article).

Academic responsibility and project coordination

Both rest with Juan Miguel León Rojas, who is an associate professor in Applied Mathematics in the Department of Mathematics at the School of Technology (Escuela Politécnica) of the University of Extremadura, in Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain.

Sources of inspiration

I have been inspired by the project implemented by Jon Beasley-Murray at the University of British Columbia:

• Beasley-Murray, Jon. "WikiProject Murder Madness and Mayhem". The English Wikipedia.{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

and also by:

• Salvaggio, Erik (2016). "Four career skills students develop from Wikipedia assignments". Wiki Education.{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
• Tramullas, Jesús (2016). "Competencias informacionales básicas y uso de Wikipedia en entornos educativos" [Basic informational skills and using Wikipedia in educational environments]. Gestión de la Innovación en Educación Superior / Journal of Innovation Management in Higher Education. 1 (1): 79–95.{{ cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
• Wiki Education. "Wikipedia Student Program".{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

and by the guidelines:

• Aibar, Eduard; Dunajcsik, Peter; Lerga, Maura; Lladós, Josep; Meseguer, Antoni; Minguillón, Julià (2016). "Guía de recomendaciones y buenas prácticas para editar el contenido científico de Wikipedia" [Guide of recommendations and best practices for editing scientific content in Wikipedia] (in Spanish). Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. hdl: 10609/51462.{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
• Lerga, Maura; Aibar, Eduard (2015). "Best Practice Guide to Use Wikipedia in University Education". Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. hdl: 10609/41662.{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
• Wiki Education. "Teach with Wikipedia".{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)
• Wikimedia Outreach. "Using Wikipedia as a teaching tool in higher education (Bookshelf)".{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

Learning component of this university project

It is worth noting that Wikipedia is a public, free and open wiki site, therefore out of the academic date range the project stays publicly open for ever — please feel free to contribute to it on those moments — (surely, some of us will have a chance then). In other words, the learning component of this project is never done as the voluntary cooperation never ends.

Type of contributions

Consider yourself invited to provide contributions to this project on the English Wikipedia. These contributions must have to do with discrete or numerical mathematics. By participating in this project, you acknowledge, accept and agree that you will try to make your contributions:

• deal with a not so overly specialised subject or that the exposition of them is not difficult to understand (perhaps by the use of a convoluted or dark language, perhaps by an incorrect translation, perhaps too complex and out of the level and aim of this project);
• contain sufficient mathematical exposition or necessary explanations with suitable mathematical or computational examples (maybe occasionally avoidable with adequate hypertextualization or wikification);
• if they are translations, they are correct in the target language, not simple automatic translations that have not been revised or only superficially revised (which would possibly lead to grammatical errors in English);
• if they are translations, they include translation indicators (for example, the template Translated page, using it according to the instructions provided by the template on its own);
• do not contain format or style errors, neither grammatical nor spelling, and that the reference format is correct;
• include an adequate hypertextualization and wikification;
• are categorized;
• contain an adequate number of references;
• they must conform to the types set out in the subsection ' common to both components'.

Moreover,

• if more people work on similar content to yours, it is essential that you coordinate each other and, if necessary, that you merge content or integrate your contribution into another existing article;
• your participation means that you assume the dynamic commitments that correspond to you (see the subsection ' dynamic commitments').

Academic component of this university project

Academically, this pilot project is conceived as an optional out-of-class activity for the course mentioned above. This component is included in the previous one, therefore, each and every one of the considerations made for the learning component is valid. As for the academic component itself, the following should be understood as the contractual provisions, susceptible to negotiation, of the didactic contract ( contrato didáctico, in Spanish) between you and the coordination of the project. By participating voluntarily and academically in this project, you acknowledge, accept and agree with.

Type and minimum number of contributions

The goal is that you do a minimum of four major contributions^* to the English Wikipedia. These contributions must have to do with discrete or numerical mathematics and you must do at least one contribution per each header topic: 'Fundamentals', 'Number theory', 'Combinatorics' and 'Difference equations'. Within the scope of this topics, you can freely choose the subjects with which you wish to contribute, preferably part of the non-transversal sub-themes (if you have failed to complete the set from the four main themes you could choose maximum one subject from the transversal sub-themes) and whenever your contributions:

• are sufficiently ingrained in the main subjects of the course;
• you publish them, continually, along with the corresponding themes to which they belong are worked in class.

Moreover,

• you must publish, on an ongoing basis, in your logbook (a small process electronic portfolio) and in the contributions page of the project, the part of your self-report about what you have developed so far.

^* Please read: Welcome to the course and to its learning plan strengthened by the English Wikipedia (academic year 2019–2020).

Dates

In the current academic year, we should respect the following schedule:

Common to both components

Each of these contributions would focus on one or more of the following activities:

1. Contributing to existing articles in the English Wikipedia.
   Once having found relevant articles to be worked, you would focus your contribution on one or more of the following activities and targets:
   1. Expanding and improving articles.
   2. Critical analysis of existing articles (on the talk page of the article).
      (Please respect what the Wikipedia community indicates on the help page about talk pages and in the pages Help:Introduction to talk pages, Wikipedia:Tutorial/Talk pages and Wikipedia:Talk page guidelines).
   3. Adding theoretical and practical applications and cases of use, specially in the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS).
   4. Adding examples and case studies.
   5. Adding notes, references, bibliography, inner links, external links and multimedia content (photos, illustrations, videos).
   6. Conceptual correction.
   7. Style correction.
   8. Improving an article to be exported to the English Wikipedia and getting it to be highlighted.
      — Read what the community of the English Wikipedia considers a good article (GA) and a featured article (FA) —.
   9. Translating non-English Wikipedia articles into English, contributing, in any case, to their expansion and improvement; that is to say, the original non-English articles serve only as starting points.
      (Respect what the community of the English Wikipedia indicates on the help page about translation).
2. Creating new articles.
   After the topic choice and the related English Wikipedia contents review have been made, you could choose to create a new article. Please respect what the community of the English Wikipedia indicates on the help page about How to start a page, which, in addition, and to round things off, it puts at your disposal an assistant for the creation of articles, the article wizard.

Bibliographical resources
	Basically, those recommended, on the Spanish Wikipedia by: Wikiproyecto Matemáticas: ' Useful links' and Wikiproyecto Filosofía: ' Resources', and on the English Wikipedia by: WikiProject Mathematics: ' Reference resources', and WikiProject Philosophy: ' Reference resources'. in addition to the own ones of the course.
Editing resources and styles guides
Essentially, those recommended, on the Spanish Wikipedia by: Wikiproyecto Matemáticas: ' Editing guides, styles and resources' and ' Useful templates', and on the English Wikipedia by: WikiProject Mathematics: Editor resources and English Wikipedia's Manual of Style: Mathematics, and by: WikiProject Logic: Standards for notation.
Important: Likewise, you must respect what the community of the English Wikipedia indicates on the page about writing better articles — that, specifically, includes direct links to the help page on editing (how to edit a page) and to the manual of style —. In environments where we work in, Mathematics and Computer Science and Engineering, it is also advisable to check Wikipedia: Manual of Style -> Mathematics, Wikipedia: Manual of Style -> Computing and Wikipedia: WikiProject Computer science -> Manual of style. In any case, please make sure that your contribution complies with the neutrality and notability policies.

Dynamic commitments

By participating in this project, you acknowledge, accept and agree that you are required to: develope all your contributions in accordance with the quality criteria of the English Wikipedia; use an egalitarian and inclusive gender-neutral language, trying not to fall into gender binarism, a language that equally respects and treats all human diversity regardless of their biological sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression ( https://www.unfe.org/definitions/) —to find out more, see https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2017/01/how-science-helps-us-understand-gender-identity/—, real or perceived, in accordance with the principles of equality and non-discrimination ( https://www.un.org/ruleoflaw/thematic-areas/human-rights/equality-and-non-discrimination/); be zero-tolerant to all forms of harassment; monitor and attend to the comments and the edits to your articles. In addition, you also acknowledge, accept and agree that, if you participate academically in this project, then, during the periods in which it is active academically, you are required to: update your logbook as you work on your contributions; register every new major contribution on the contributions page; collaborate with the rest of your classmates by reading and reviewing their work and helping them as much as possible.

Some pages of helpful information to get you started:   Introduction to Wikipedia   The five pillars of Wikipedia   Editing tutorial   How to edit a page   Simplified Manual of Style   The basics of Wikicode   How to develop an article   How to create an article   Help pages   What Wikipedia is not	Some common sense Dos and Don'ts:   Do be bold   Do assume good faith   Do be civil   Do keep cool!   Do maintain a neutral point of view   Don't spam   Don't infringe copyright   Don't edit where you have a conflict of interest   Don't commit vandalism   Don't get blocked
Simplified ruleset Basic rules of WIkipedia editing "WP:SR" redirects here. For other uses, see WP:Self-reference, WP:Soft redirect, WP:Speedy redirect, WP:Speedy rename, WP:Split requests, and m:Steward requests. "WP:SIMPLE" redirects here. For other uses, see WP:Simple English Wikipedia and WP:Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia. This is an explanatory essay about WP:List of policies. This page provides additional information about concepts in the page(s) it supplements. This page is not one of Wikipedia's policies or guidelines as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community. Shortcuts WP:SIMPLE WP:SR Explanatory essay about WP:List of policies Policies and guidelines ( list) Principles Five pillars Ignore all rules Content policies Article titles Biographies of living persons Image use Neutral point of view No original research Verifiability What Wikipedia is not ( Not a dictionary) Conduct policies Civility Clean start Consensus Dispute resolution Edit warring Editing policy Harassment No legal threats No personal attacks Ownership of content Username policy Vandalism Other policy categories Deletion Enforcement Legal Procedural Directories List of policies List of guidelines Manual of Style contents v t e Wikipedia is a free, volunteer-created encyclopedia, consisting of articles written in a particular style. Wikipedia is a continuous process with no end. If you write something good, it could be around for weeks, months, or even years and read all over the world. It might also be improved or incorporated into new revisions by other editors. Part of the fun and challenge of editing here is watching what happens to your contributions over time. The Wikipedia community continues to evolve as well. Over time, policies and customs have developed as millions of editors learn from each other how to create balanced, well-sourced, informative articles, and how to work together and resolve conflicts. This page offers essentials to help you write well and avoid needless fights. The bedrock of Wikipedia is reliable sources of information—scholarly and media publishers with a reputation for being accurate. Wikipedia does not have its own views on what is "correct", but tries to summarize what good sources have said, presenting differing views objectively and without bias. All statements should be realistically checkable from their sources: cite where you found information. With reliable sources at the center of what we do, editors' original ideas, interpretations, and research are not appropriate here. Don't worry if you don't understand everything at first. And don't hesitate to ask questions. As time goes on, you'll learn how to be a great contributor on Wikipedia! Core principles Further information: Wikipedia:Principles While in theory anything can be changed, the community up to this point has been built on certain principles. Much thought has been put into them, and they are unlikely to change in the future. They've worked for us so far, so give them a chance to work before attempting radical reform or leaving the project. Five pillars: The foundations of the Wikipedia community are summarized in 5 simple ideas: Wikipedia is an online encyclopedia; it has a neutral point of view; it is free content that anyone can edit and distribute; all Wikipedians should interact in a respectful and civil manner; and Wikipedia does not have firm rules. Founding principles: The Wikimedia Foundation, the global organization that oversees Wikipedia and other projects like it, is based on important common ideas as well: Neutrality is mandatory; anyone can edit (most) articles without registration; we make decisions through the "wiki process" of discussion; we want to work in a welcoming and collaborative environment; our content is freely licensed; and we leave room for particularly difficult problems to be resolved by an authority. On English Wikipedia the Arbitration Committee (ArbCom) has power to make certain binding, final decisions. Copyright: Wikipedia uses open licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike license and the GNU Free Documentation License. Content on Wikipedia can be used and re-used freely, as long as attribution is given; it can even be modified and used for profit, as long as all future re-users can do the same. Everything editors contribute must be compatible with Wikipedia's licenses and cannot violate others' copyrights, except under very particular circumstances. Ignore all rules (IAR): Rules on Wikipedia are not fixed in stone. The spirit of the rule trumps the letter of the rule. The common purpose of building an encyclopedia trumps both. This means that any rule can be broken for a very good reason, if it ultimately helps to improve the encyclopedia. It doesn't mean that anything can be done just by claiming IAR, or that discussion is not necessary to explain one's decision. Creating and editing articles Further information: Wikipedia:Core content policies Content policies Neutral point of view No original research Verifiability Article titles Biographies of living persons Image use policy What Wikipedia is not v t e Neutral point of view: Write from a neutral point of view. Make a fair representation of the world as reliable sources describe it. All articles should be balanced to convey an impression of the various points of view on a subject. Some views may get more attention than others, depending on the attention they receive in reliable sources. Wikipedia has no "opinion" of its own; it just accurately summarizes reliable sources. Verifiability: Articles should contain only material that has been published by reliable sources. These are sources with a reputation for fact-checking and accuracy, like newspapers, academic journals, and books. Even if something is true our standards require it be published in a reliable source before it can be included. Editors should cite reliable sources for any material that is controversial or challenged, otherwise it may be removed by any editor. The obligation to provide a reliable source is on whoever wants to include material. No original research: Articles may not contain previously unpublished arguments, concepts, data, or theories, nor any new analysis or synthesis of them if it advances a position. In other words, you can't make a point that hasn't already been directly made somewhere else in a reliable source. You can summarize, but it has to be based in the sources. Be bold in updating pages! Go ahead, it's a wiki! No mistake can break Wikipedia, because any edit can be undone. Encourage others, including those who disagree with you, to likewise be bold! If you find yourself disagreeing with someone's boldness, or they with yours, discuss it on the talk page. That's it. Getting along with other editors Further information: Wikipedia:Expectations and norms of the Wikipedia community Conduct policies Block evasion Civility Clean start Consensus Dispute resolution Edit warring Editing policy Harassment No personal attacks Ownership of content Sockpuppetry Username policy Vandalism v t e Be civil to other users at all times. If you have a criticism, comment about content and specific edits—don't make negative remarks about other editors as people. Assume good faith: Please try to consider the person on the other end of the discussion as a thinking, rational being who is trying to positively contribute to Wikipedia. Even if you're convinced that they're an [insert insult of your choice], still pretend that they're acting in good faith. Ninety percent of the time you'll find that they actually are acting in good faith (and the other ten percent of the time a negative attitude won't help anyway). Be gracious. Be liberal in what you accept, be conservative in what you do. Try to accommodate other people's quirks as best you can, while trying to be as polite and straightforward as possible. Discuss contentious changes on a talk page: Mutual respect is the guiding behavioral principle of Wikipedia. Although everyone knows that their contributions may be edited by others, it is easier to accept changes when you understand the reasons for them. Discussing changes on the article's talk page before you make them can help reach consensus even faster, especially on controversial subjects. We have all the time in the world, so always make an effort to explain changes to other editors, and feel free to ask them to do the same. Undo others' edits with care: Undoing someone's work is a powerful tool, hence the three-revert rule that an editor should never undo the same content more than three times in twenty-four hours (ideally, even less). Try not to revert changes which are not obvious vandalism. If you really can't stand something, revert once, with an edit summary like "I disagree, I'll explain why on Talk", and immediately open a discussion on the accompanying talk page to discuss. If someone reverts your edits, do not just add them back without attempting discussion. Try to understand why your article or edit was deleted: Many topics do not meet our inclusion guidelines. Some of the same bad article ideas show up and get deleted frequently through processes such as articles for deletion, proposed deletion and speedy deletion. New editors may benefit from the Articles for creation helper. Other contributions are often just not neutral or just not well-sourced. In general, finding better, more reliable sources and summarizing them neutrally is almost always the best response. Resolve disputes: Disagreements are common but they need not be confrontational. Find out what others think about an issue and try to address it, and reach agreement with them. If you still disagree, seek input from other editors informally, or through a third opinion, mediation, or an open request for comment. Working efficiently together Further information: Wikipedia:Etiquette Use clear edit summaries to allow others to understand your thinking—and even you may need a reminder months later. Please state what you changed and why. If the explanation is too long, use the Talk page. Sign your posts on talk pages (using ~~~~, which changes to your username plus a timestamp when you hit "publish changes"). But don't sign in articles themselves. Preview your changes with the show preview button before saving. Follow-on edits fixing errors in earlier edits clutter the page's history, which makes it hard for others to see what, overall, you changed. Use noticeboards to get input: Certain kinds of issues have designated noticeboard where editors often discuss related topics. If you are unsure what to do, or run into conflict with another editor, use them. WP:NPOVN is for neutrality issues, WP:RSN is for reliable sources, WP:ANI is for specific issues needing administrator input; others are listed at the noticeboard page and at the bottom of this page as well. Join the community: Find out what's going on in the community. The Community Portal is a good starting place, where you can find ongoing community discussions, the weekly Wikipedia newspaper, and plenty of tasks that need work. There are also mailing lists which feature project and organization-wide discussions, and internet relay chat for a variety of topics. WikiProjects are places editors gather to work on specific areas of the encyclopedia; they're also good places to ask for input. New ideas are often put forth at the Village pump, and hot-topics at Jimbo's talk page. Ask for help: You are almost surely not the first person to have a particular question, idea or problem. You can ask for help anytime by placing {{ help me}} on any talk page along with an explanation of your problem. Great places for assistance are the Teahouse (for new editors), the Help Desk (for more experienced editors), and live help chat. Also, WP:Questions and WP:FAQ for the most common areas and queries. More information Help:Introduction – Wikipedia's main tutorial for aspiring contributors Contributing to Wikipedia – a page that provides information and resources on the basics needed to use, comment on, and contribute to Wikipedia. List of policies – a comprehensive descriptive list of policies. List of guidelines – a comprehensive descriptive list of guidelines. Manual of Style contents – a comprehensive descriptive list of the pages which make up the Manual of Style. Community standards and advice – a quick directory of community norms and related guidance essays. Advice pages – about advice pages written by WikiProjects. About you – advice if you are the subject of, or mentioned in, a Wikipedia article Related essays Wikipedia:Simplified Manual of Style Wikipedia:Dos and don'ts Wikipedia:The rules are principles Wikipedia:Reasonability Rule Wikipedia in Brief Wikipedia:Trifecta Wikipedia:Writing better articles

If you need further help, you can:   Ask a question

or you can:   Get help at the Teahouse

or even:   Ask an experienced editor to "adopt" you

Alternatively, type your question and then place {{ helpme}} before the question on your talk page, and someone will try to help.

There are many ways you can contribute to Wikipedia. Here are a few ideas:   Fight vandalism   Be a WikiFairy or a WikiGnome   Help contribute to articles

Perform maintenance tasks   Become a member of a project that interests you   Help design new templates

You are welcome to continue editing without logging in, but many editors recommend that you create an account. Doing so is free, requires no personal information, and provides several benefits such as the ability to create articles. For a full outline and explanation of the benefits that come with creating an account, please see this page. If you edit without a username, your IP address (School and university projects) is used to identify you instead.
In any case, enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please remember to always sign your comments on talk pages. You can do this either by clicking on the button on the edit toolbar or by typing four tildes ~~~~ at the end of your post. This will automatically insert your IP address (or username if you're logged in) and the date (a timestamp). If you create an account, your IP address will be hidden and you will be able to build a custom signature that can link to your own user page.
The best way to learn about something is to experience it. Explore, learn, contribute, and don't forget to have some fun!
To get some practice editing you can use a sandbox. If you register an account, you will have your own private sandbox for use any time. Perfect for working on bigger projects. Also you could create more sandboxes (with other names) as sub-pages of your user page. Then for easy access in the future, you could put links to them on your user page. By the way, if you haven't created a user page yet, simply click here to start it.

Text comes from: Template:Welcome to Wikipedia/sandbox and Template:Welcome-anon-constructive.

Please remember, by joining the project, you agree to all the terms and conditions established on these pages.

When practising Mediawiki language

• Your test page is  your sandbox , one sub-page of your user page. Use it to develop your major contributions until they reach the minimum standard required by the English Wikipedia.

If you want to ask a question, please see the Wikipedia:Questions page for guidance.

• As to the doubts:
  • Do not forget the Wikipedia Help page.
  • You can ask for help at the Wikipedia Help desk (only questions about how to use or edit Wikipedia).
  • Or you can also ask for help at the Teahouse, a help space for new Wikipedia editors.
  • For other questions use the Wikipedia Reference desk.
  • In addition, at the Adopt-a-user program, you could seek adoption by an experienced editor who will mentor you as you learn about Wikipedia.
  • Similarly, you could see the book Working with MediaWiki, by Yaron Koren.
  • Also, a detailed guide is Workshop Cómo editar en Wikipedia: primeros pasos desde instituciones culturales by Tomás Saorín, but in Spanish.

When creating or editing a page

• If you wish to create an article and you are not sure of how to proceed, you should use the article wizard.
• Anyway you should consider consulting the guide about the layout of a Wikipedia article.
• Accessing to your preferences, you will be able to modify: your user profile, the general appearance, some options for editing, how the recent changes and your watchlist are shown to you, how to search, which notifications you will be given and how do you like to receive them; in addition to this, you will be able to test some beta features and to use lots of gadgets that will help you work better and easier on Wikipedia.
• If you make a minor edition, please check that option before saving the page. Doing this you indicate the community that the change made is not an essential change. On the other side, it generates a smaller load on the data base.
• You must take into account that Wikipedia is a public, free and open website. Think well what you write and the personal data you provide. Do not write personal information such as government identification numbers, emails, phone numbers, etc., but if you have done it and you want it to completely disappear elsewhere on Wikipedia, read this page or go to here.

When publishing an article

You could request help in the form of a peer review of your created article, particularly if you think your article may be a candidate for being a featured article or a good article. In favour of the community, think about the work involved in carrying out a peer review and keeping in mind the do ut des watchword, make a commitment to cooperate in the peer review of an article on which you are an expert. The Wikipedia's Peer Review area is the right place to request such a review and also to offer your expertise and to cooperate.

• You must include your major contributions to the project on the same Participants & Major contributions page (on this page, write down links to your contributions and be continually aware of the comments [either through symbols on that page or by receiving feedback on your talk page]).
• Any person can watch the list of all your contributions easily on this page. Although anyone interested could follow your dedication to the project, you should highlight your major contributions on a personal dedicated page. This must be a sub-page of your user page, that you will use as a public, free/libre and open logbook in which you will write down every and each of your contributions (that is, what is finished, what is being developed and what still has not started, including reference dates). You can easily create your logbook page, just browse to the sub-page that will host  your logbook . Precisely, this one is the page that will host your self-report).
• Do not forget, the project main page on the English Wikipedia is this one, where you are now: /info/en/?search=Wikipedia:School_and_university_projects/Discrete_and_numerical_mathematics.
• And, please, do not take anything for granted and do not write anything off. Never give up!

You may wish to add the following ID badge to your user page:

This user is a member of University project Discrete and numerical mathematics.

For doing this, include the following wiki code on your user page on the English Wikipedia:

{{Wikipedia:School and university projects/Discrete and numerical mathematics/Userbox}}

In certain occasions, it is customary to communicate to the Wikipedia community what we are doing.

Identify the original contributions: Template 'Educational assignment'

You should place this template on top of the talk page of every article that you have created or changed as part of this learning project.

This article is currently the subject of an educational assignment.

For doing this, include the following wiki code on top of the talk pages of such articles:

{{Educational assignment}}

See the template documentation page for reference.

Please, remove this template when you consider your work is finished.

Expansion or major restructuring of a page or section: Template 'Under construction'

You should place this template at the top of the page, which, once you save, will appear as:

This project page or section is in the process of an expansion or major restructuring. You are welcome to assist in its construction by editing it as well. If this project page has not been edited in several days, please remove this template. If you are the editor who added this template and you are actively editing, please be sure to replace this template with {{ in use}} during the active editing session. Click on the link for template parameters to use. This page was last edited by Jonesey95 ( talk | contribs) 13 months ago. ( Update timer)

For doing this, include the following wiki code on top of such articles:

{{Under construction}}

See the template documentation page for reference.

Please, remove this template from the article when you consider your work is finished.

Actively edition for a short period of time: Template 'In use'

You should place {{ In use}} at the top of the page, which will appear as:

This project page is actively undergoing a major edit for a short while. To help avoid edit conflicts, please do not edit this page while this message is displayed. This page was last edited at 23:41, 18 March 2023 (UTC) (13 months ago). Please remove this template if this page hasn't been edited in several hours. If you are the editor who added this template, please be sure to remove it or replace it with {{ Under construction}} between editing sessions.

For doing this, include the following wiki code on top of the talk pages of such articles:

{{In use}}

See the template documentation page for reference.

Please, remove this template when you consider your intensive work is finished.

Actively edition for a short period of time: Template 'Translation WIP'

You should place this template at the top of the page.

This article is in the process of being translated from ArticleName in the flsc-language Wikipedia. In order to reduce edit conflicts, please consider not editing it while translation is in progress.

For doing this, include the following wiki code on top of the talk pages of such articles:

{{Translation WIP|ArticleName|FromLanguage|FLSC}}

See the template documentation page for reference.

Please, remove this template when you consider the translation is finished.

Actively edition for a short period of time: Template 'Translated page'

This page contains a translation of an Unspecified article from Please provide the language code of the source wiki.

You should place this template at the top of the talk page.

For doing this, include the following wiki code on top of the talk pages of such articles:

{{Translated page}}

See the template documentation page for reference.

Wikipedia FAQ

For your academic participation to be taken into account, in all cases, you must continually write, keeping up with the developing of your work, a public, free and open self-report, on your your logbook, about the whole of your contribution to the project and justify that it is related to the four heading topics. A simple format could be:

First and last names: __________

Contributor on the English Wikipedia (your username and URL locator of your user page): __________

Major contributions to the English Wikipedia (page titles, their URL locators, work accomplished and justification for its relationship with the four heading topics or at least with three out of those four and with one of the transversal sub-themes): __________

Other minor contributions to the English Wikipedia related to the project: __________

Comprehensive summary and assessment of all the work done (specifying the 'crossing' of the checkpoints and the fulfilment of the dynamic commitments): __________

You can see here an example of logbook (for the time being, only the statement of intention). You can also see real logbooks consulting the corresponding by the project's participants in previous editions, for instance, here, in Spanish.

Also regarding your academic participation and alongside your individual work you can also do a team work. There are only four requirements:

• Self-selection of the team, i.e. it is up to you to decide with whom you want to carry out the activity.
• The maximum number of people in the same team is 3.
• The work of the team must comply with what it has been established in the section ' Work schedule'.
• To ensure that the work of the team will be taken into account, the work of each of its members must comply with what it has been established in the section ' Work schedule'.

• Please read: Welcome to the course and to its learning plan strengthened by the English Wikipedia (academic year 2019–2020).

Thanks to: Contributing users: All persons who to a greater or lesser extent have contributed to this project, in alphabetical order, first according to their surnames (although alphabetical order as a selection criterion is unfair, but that is another topic, although very interesting; see, for example, the study by Ramiro Martínez Pinilla [4] [in Spanish]): Rubén Bonilla Tanco ( T  C  S  L  P), Rafael Cabanillas Murillo ( T  C  S  L  P), Lorenzo Gabriel Ceballos Bru ( T  C  S  L  P), José Gala Naranjo ( T  C  S  L  P), Carlos González Santos ( T  C  S  L  P), Antonio Carlos Seguro González ( T  C  S  L  P). On this page, you can see a list of their contributions too. You can also consult the contributions to the sandbox of the associate learning plan. English Wikipedia for hosting this university project. And to all the creators and distributors of free cultural works and in general of free/libre & open knowledge (FLOK), essential ingredients of the corresponding learning plan.

(Contact Juan Miguel León Rojas (coord.) ( T  C  S  L  P) if you feel you should appear on the lists or do not want to appear on them).
(Key: T = User's talk page, C = User's contributions, S = User's sandbox, L = User's logbook, P = All user's pages with prefix).

Summary of results Editions Academic year No. of articles created No. of articles improved Comments 2016-17 0 2 Four people decided to join the project, of whom: two left the project without contributing; one contributed to two articles; one contributed to one article that was subsequently deleted by the community. 2017-18 0 0 One person decided to join the project, of whom: one left the project without contributing. 2018-19 1 3 Eleven people decided to join the project, of whom: eight left the project without contributing; one contributed to three articles; one contributed to one article. 2019-20 4 1 Six people decided to join the project, of whom: four left the project without contributing; one contributed to one article; one contributed to four articles. Fundamentals Logic Created Improved 2016-17 — Logical connective 2017-18 — — 2018-19 — — 2019-20 Cogency (must be improved and submitted again) — Functions Created Improved 2016-17 — — 2017-18 — — 2018-19 — — 2019-20 Gallery of mathematical correspondences (still undergoing in the user sandbox) Mathematical correspondence (submitted draft) — Combinatorics The basics of counting Created Improved 2016-17 — — 2017-18 — — 2018-19 — Rule of product 2019-20 Rule of division (combinatorics) Combinatorial principles Combinatorial modelling Created Improved 2016-17 — — 2017-18 — — 2018-19 Combinatorial modelling — TI Algorithms Number theory Created Improved 2016-17 — — 2017-18 — — 2018-19 — Computational_number_theory TI Image processing Image sharpening Created Improved 2016-17 — — 2017-18 — — 2018-19 — Unsharp masking TI Numerical Numerical calculus Created Improved 2016-17 — Newton polynomial 2017-18 — — 2018-19 — —

Requested articles: some examples Theme 1. Fundamentals Logic Logical calculus ( es; pt; ca) Reasoning methods ( es) Cogency ( es; pt; ca) Paralogism ( es; pt; fr; it; ca) Sophism ( pt; fr; it) Sets, relations and functions Coreflexive relation Quasi-reflexive relation Intransitive relation ( es) Antitransitive relation Circular relation Union of relations Intersection of relations Gallery of mathematical correspondences ( es) Discrete function ( es) Cardinality, induction and recursion Structural induction and recursive definitions ( es) Theme 2. Number theory Solving congruences ( es) Solving linear congruences ( es) Power residue Pascal's tape ( es; fr) Theme 3. Combinatorics Rule of complement Rule of division Sample selection and unit labelling (combinatorics) Distributions of objects into bins ( es) Permutation generation methods ( ref) You can find more requested articles related to the contents of the course which is associated with this project among those that appear as red links (1) on the pages:  Learning plan ,  WikiProject Mathematics , among the requested articles,  Category:Mathematics  (see also: Lists of mathematics topics) on the English Wikipedia and on their corresponding pages on the other Wikipedias, for instance, on the Spanish Wikipedia: Plan de aprendizaje Wikiproyecto Matemáticas Categoría:Matemáticas (1) Red-linked, as a general rule, but keep in mind that it may be a written article (blue-linked) that includes links to non-written articles. Therefore, you should carry out in-depth searches. Note 1: More red-linked articles. You can also find more red-linked articles using either of these two tools: MissingTopics PetScan or even making direct queries to the Wikipedia database: Wikipedia:Database queries Note 2: Not only red-linked articles. Remember that it is not just about finding requested articles; do not forget all  possible ways to contribute to the project . Note 3: Appropriate content. Contributions on topics not related to the contents of the course are not valid. Topics such as the limit of a sequence definition, convergence criteria, Cauchy sequences, series, convergence criteria, continuity of functions, derivability, etc., belong to calculus, to (non-numerical) mathematical analysis. Basic topics on matrices, their definitions, simple Gauss elimination method, etc., belong to (non-numerical) linear algebra. In this project, such topics have no place because they do not belong either to discrete mathematics or to numerical calculus. In this project, the topics should essentially single out the particularities of discrete versus continuous issues and the different algorithmic aspects of their numerical calculation. For each academic year, we will consider the topics and epigraphs of the teaching plan (ficha12a) as the central contents. This will be fully reflected in the updated project page, in this page and in the archived pages corresponding to past years. For appendices or additional or transversal topics, we could keep in mind, in addition to some suggestions in the teaching plan (ficha12a), the classification made by the Wikipedia community: Discrete mathematics themes: Topics in discrete mathematics, Outline of discrete mathematics; Numerical algebra and calculus themes: Areas of study, Outline of numerical analysis. All this without forgetting certain related areas such as, for instance, Decision theory (particularly Optimal decisions) or Sequential methods. Or the WikiProject Mathematics, where we can find direct links to: requested articles, mathematics stubs to be expanded, articles needing expert attention, mathematics pages needing attention, more things to do, recognized contents, and conventions for articles with mathematical content. Also of great interest are the following wikiprojects on the English Wikipedia: WikiProject Logic, WikiProject Numbers, WikiProject Cryptography, and WikiProject Game theory. Note 4: Knowledge volunteering. Though the present university project is specific for contributing to Wikipedia, we may be involved on a voluntary basis and independently of our work relating to the course (that is, not academically evaluable), in: Wikibooks, for instance, in the mathematics wikibooks, particularly in university level mathematics books: Formal Logic, Discrete Mathematics, Set Theory, Number Theory, Combinatorics, Algebra, and in Wikiversity, for instance, in courses/lectures regarding: discrete mathematics, and abstract algebra. And, of course, on any other topic and on any other of the Wikimedia projects.

The final goal of this initiative is to improve the English Wikipedia. Once you finish your academic participation in this project, please, consider the possibility of continuing your contribution to Wikipedia. The greatest value of Wikipedia, as an open project, lies in its active community of contributors. Do not forget the other Wikimedia Foundation projects and initiatives, nor the global Wikimedia movement. Come on! And if you like Wikipedia or any other Wikimedia project or initiative, tell your friends and colleagues.

University project 'Discrete and numerical mathematics'

Free Knowledge and Community

• World Brain ( H. G. Wells)
• Definition of Free Cultural Works
• Wikimedia Foundation
• Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)
• Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA

Tutorials

• Instructional videos on using Wikipedia

• Talk page of the university project 'Discrete and numerical mathematics'.

• Wikipedia:School and university projects/Discrete and numerical mathematics ( | talk | history | links | watch | logs) ( check views) ( more information)

• Common Craft (2010). "Wikipedia" (Video). Seattle, Washington (US-WA), USA: Common Craft, LLC. Retrieved November 11, 2017.{{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

• Dans, Enrique. "La nueva biblioteca de Alejandría / The new Library of Alexandria" (PDF). Paradores (No. 35, Winter 2010). Madrid, Community of Madrid (ES-MD), Spain: Editorial MIC. Retrieved March 31, 2019.{{ cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

• Marcos Uztárroz, Zuberoa; Álvarez Cedena, José Luis (January 22, 2016). "Jimmy Wales, fundador de la Wikipedia, en su 15º aniversario: "No es cierto que hayamos hecho a los alumnos más vagos"" [Jimmy Wales, founder of Wikipedia, on its 15th anniversary: "It is not true that we have made students lazier"] (HTML). El País (El futuro es One) (in Spanish). Madrid, Community of Madrid (ES-MD), Spain: El País Ediciones S.L. and Vodafone España S.A.U. Retrieved November 3, 2017.{{ cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link)

Please contribute to the protection of the environment: print this document only if you consider it absolutely necessary.