[ 0 => '{{Short description|Editing of groups producing works together through individual contributions}}', 1 => '__NOTOC__', 2 => ''''[[Collaboration|Collaborative]] editing''' is the process of multiple people editing the same document simultaneously. This technique may engage expertise from different disciplines, and potentially improve the quality of documents and increase productivity.<ref>{{Cite conference|last=Tomlinson|first=Bill|display-authors=etal|date=2012|title=Massively distributed authorship of academic papers|conference=2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts|location=Austin, Texas, USA|pages=11–20|doi=10.1145/2212776.2212779|hdl=2117/171295|hdl-access=free}}</ref>', 3 => '', 4 => 'Good choices in group awareness, participation and coordination are critical to successful collaborative writing outcomes.<ref>Paul Benjamin Lowry, Aaron Mosiah Curtis, and Michelle Rene Lowry. [https://ssrn.com/abstract=666141 "A Taxonomy of Collaborative Writing to Improve Empirical Research, Writing Practice, and Tool Development"], ''Journal of Business Communication'' (JBC), Vol. 41, No.05700/Ad1993.pdf?sequence=1 How Collaborative is Collaborative Writing? An Analysis of the Production of Two Technical Reports]., pages 69–86. Springer-Verlag, London, 1993.</ref> The typing might be organized by dividing the writing into sub-tasks assigned to each group member, with the first part of the tasks done before the next parts, or they might work together on each task.<ref>{{cite book | chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4471-2009-4_5 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4471-2009-4_5 | chapter=Adding a Little Structure to Collaborative Writing | title=CSCW in Practice: An Introduction and Case Studies | series=Computer Supported Cooperative Work | year=1993 | last1=Sharples | first1=M. | pages=51–67 | isbn=978-3-540-19784-3 }}</ref><ref>Rimmershaw R. Collaborative Writing Practices and Writing Support Technologies pages 15--28. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1992.</ref> The writing is planned, written, and revised, and more than one person is involved in at least one of those steps.<ref>Ede L. and Lunsford A. [https://books.google.com/books?id=rQfEEhdKBnMC Singular Text/Plural Authors: Perspectives on Collaborative Authoring]. Southern Illinois University Press, Carbondale, 1990.</ref> Usually, discussions about the document's structure and context involve the entire group.<ref>{{cite book | chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4471-2007-0_6 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4471-2007-0_6 | chapter=A Survey of Experiences of Collaborative Writing | title=Computer Supported Collaborative Writing | series=Computer Supported Cooperative Work | year=1993 | last1=Beck | first1=E. E. | pages=87–112 | isbn=978-3-540-19782-9 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.elihaipro.co.il |title= Content Writing Guide }} Wednesday, May 27, 2020</ref>', 5 => '', 6 => 'Most usually, it is applied to textual documents or programmatic [[source code]]. Such [[wikt:asynchronous|asynchronous]] (non-simultaneous) contributions are very efficient in time, as group members need not assemble in order to work together. Generally, managing such work requires [[software]];<ref>Kuutti, Kari ''et al.'' (2003). [https://books.google.com/books?id=F_3RxNdMUNQC&dq=collaborative+editing&pg=PA315 ''ECSCW 2003: proceedings of the Eighth European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work,'' p. 315.]</ref> the most common tools for editing documents are [[wiki]]s, and those for programming, [[version control system]]s.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Building Up to Collaboration: Evidence on Using Wikis to Scaffold Academic Writing {{!}} Journal of Academic Writing|date=24 January 2022 |url=https://publications.coventry.ac.uk/index.php/joaw/article/view/288|language=en-US}}</ref> Most [[word processor]]s are also capable of recording changes; this allows editors to work on the same document while automatically clearly labeling who contributed what changes. New writing environments such as [[Google Docs]] provide collaborative writing/editing functionalities with revision control, synchronous/asynchronous editing.', 7 => '', 8 => '[[Wikipedia]] is an example of an [[open collaboration|open collaborative editing project]] on a large scale, which can be both good and bad. Because of the large contributions by the public, Wikipedia has one of the widest ranges of material in the world. This also leads to online '[[graffiti]]', in which members of the public can submit incorrect information or random rubbish, sometimes referred to as [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]]. Collaborative writing can lead to projects that are richer and more complex than those produced by individuals. Many learning communities include one or more collaborative assignments. However, writing with others also makes the writing task more complex.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://classweb.gmu.edu/nccwg/collab.htm |title=Collaborative Writing |publisher=Online Writing Guide, New Century College |access-date=2011-09-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927055808/http://classweb.gmu.edu/nccwg/collab.htm |archive-date=2011-09-27 }}</ref> There is an increasing amount of research literature investigating how collaborative writing can improve learning experiences.<ref>{{cite journal | url=http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TLT.2010.43 | doi=10.1109/TLT.2010.43 | title=Collaborative Writing Support Tools on the Cloud | date=2011 | last1=Calvo | first1=R. A. | last2=O'Rourke | first2=S. T. | last3=Jones | first3=J. | last4=Yacef | first4=K. | last5=Reimann | first5=P. | journal=IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies | volume=4 | pages=88–97 }}</ref> Correct access management systems can prevent duplicated information.<ref name="Httpwwwpubmedcentralnihgovarticlerenderfcgitoolpmcentrezartid">{{cite journal|pmc=1466909 | pmid=16046570 | doi=10.1370/afm.290 | volume=3 | issue=4 | title=Enhance your team-based qualitative research |doi-access=free | year=2005 | journal=Ann Fam Med | pages=360–4| last1=Fernald | first1=D. H. | last2=Duclos | first2=C. W. }}</ref> [[Access management]] systems require access to a server, often online.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://worldsci.net/paradox.pdf |title=Collaboration Paradox: Scientific Productivity, the Internet, and Problems of Research in Developing Areas |first1=Ricardo B. |last1=Duque |first2=Marcus |last2=Ynalvez |first3=R. |last3=Sooryamoorthy |first4=Paul |last4=Mbatia |first5=Dan-Bright |last5=Dzorgbo |first6=Wesley |last6=Shrum |access-date=2011-10-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225071352/http://worldsci.net/paradox.pdf |archive-date=2016-12-25 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Online collaboration]] can be more difficult due to issues such as [[time zone]]s.<ref name="Structure">{{cite web | url=http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol12/issue2/walsh.html |title=Collaboration Structure, Communication Media, and Problems in Scientific Work Teams | publisher=Jcmc. indiana.edu |date=2006-12-31 | access-date=2011-09-21}}</ref>', 9 => '', 10 => '==See also==', 11 => '*[[Collaborative real-time editor]]', 12 => '*[[Collaborative writing]]', 13 => '', 14 => '==References==', 15 => '{{reflist}}', 16 => '', 17 => '==Sources==', 18 => '*Kuutti, Kari, Eija Helena Karsten, Paul Dourish, [[Geraldine Fitzpatrick]] and Kjeld Schmidt. (2003). ''ECSCW 2003: proceedings of the Eighth European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work'' (14–18 September 2003, Helsinki, Finland). London: [[Springer Verlag|Kulwer]]. {{ISBN|978-1-4020-1573-1}}; {{OCLC|52784895}}', 19 => '*Speck, Bruce W. (2008). ''Collaborative Writing: An Annotated Bibliography.'' Charlotte, North Carolina: [[Information Age Publishing|IAP]] ([[Information Age Publishing]]). {{ISBN|978-1-59311-285-1}}', 20 => '', 21 => '==External links==', 22 => '*{{Wikiversity inline|Collaborative play writing}}', 23 => '*[https://www.groupfiction.net/ Group Fiction: How to Write Fiction as a Group]', 24 => '', 25 => '{{DEFAULTSORT:Collaborative Editing}}', 26 => '[[Category:Collaborative writing]]', 27 => '[[Category:Editing]]' ]