The Kabyle independence movement is supported by the
Kabyle people, a
Berber ethnic group. Kabylia was an independent from
colonial Algeria until it was annexed in 1857. Supporters of independence from the region are opposed to the perceived
Arabization policies pursued by the Algerian government.[5]
Government-in-exile: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé,[8][9]
Political party: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé[10]
Advocacy groups: Mulher Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé , Pioneiros Unidos da Lunda-Tchokwé, Juventude Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé, Manifesto Jurídico Sociológico do Povo Lunda-Tchokwé[11]
Political party: Lorganizasion Popilèr po Libèr nout Péi (Lplp) – Popular Front for National Liberation: composed of Nasion Rénioné, Mar, Drapo rouz, Patriot rénioné and Mir.
Started in
Morocco during the 1920s,[52][53] and was revitalized in 2013.[54] The Rif Independence Movement is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States.[54]
Proposed: Autonomous regionalism: Niger Delta Republic[64] was declared in February 1965 by Isaac Adaka Boro,[65] but failed to be established and remains an inspiration if not an aspiration.[66]
Movement: Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) formed in 2006 for the self-determination of the people of the Niger Delta[67]
^Burnett, M. Troy, ed. (2020). "Angola". Nationalism Today: Extreme Political Movements around the World. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. pp. 63–78, pages
77–78.
ISBN978-1-4408-5000-4.
^Minahan, James B. (2016). "Lunda-Chokwe". Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. p.
492.
ISBN978-1-61069-954-9.
^Official Website of the Government of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia (2016).
"Government of Ambazonia". Government of Ambazonia Official Website. Retrieved December 26, 2017.
^"Home". Indigenous Peoples Union of Niger Delta. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
^Minahan, James B. (2016). "Urhobo". Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. p.
442–443.
ISBN978-1-61069-954-9.
^Hazen, Jennifer M.; Jonas, Horner (2007). Small Arms, Armed Violence, and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Niger Delta in Perspective. Geneva, Switzerland:
Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. p. 127.
ISBN978-2-8288-0090-1.
JSTORresrep10752.
^Bamidele, Seun (2017). "The Resurgence of the Niger-Delta Avengers (NDAs) Group in the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. 24 (4): 537–552.
doi:
10.1163/15718115-02404003.
JSTOR26557931.
^"The group stated that its mission was to secede from Nigeria." Adunbi, Omolade (2022). "Flames of Wealth: Crude Enclaves and Imitative Technologies of Extraction". Enclaves of Exception: Special Economic Zones and Extractive Practices in Nigeria. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 133–165,
page 135.
ISBN978-0-253-05956-7.
The Kabyle independence movement is supported by the
Kabyle people, a
Berber ethnic group. Kabylia was an independent from
colonial Algeria until it was annexed in 1857. Supporters of independence from the region are opposed to the perceived
Arabization policies pursued by the Algerian government.[5]
Government-in-exile: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé,[8][9]
Political party: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé[10]
Advocacy groups: Mulher Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé , Pioneiros Unidos da Lunda-Tchokwé, Juventude Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé, Manifesto Jurídico Sociológico do Povo Lunda-Tchokwé[11]
Political party: Lorganizasion Popilèr po Libèr nout Péi (Lplp) – Popular Front for National Liberation: composed of Nasion Rénioné, Mar, Drapo rouz, Patriot rénioné and Mir.
Started in
Morocco during the 1920s,[52][53] and was revitalized in 2013.[54] The Rif Independence Movement is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States.[54]
Proposed: Autonomous regionalism: Niger Delta Republic[64] was declared in February 1965 by Isaac Adaka Boro,[65] but failed to be established and remains an inspiration if not an aspiration.[66]
Movement: Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) formed in 2006 for the self-determination of the people of the Niger Delta[67]
^Burnett, M. Troy, ed. (2020). "Angola". Nationalism Today: Extreme Political Movements around the World. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. pp. 63–78, pages
77–78.
ISBN978-1-4408-5000-4.
^Minahan, James B. (2016). "Lunda-Chokwe". Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. p.
492.
ISBN978-1-61069-954-9.
^Official Website of the Government of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia (2016).
"Government of Ambazonia". Government of Ambazonia Official Website. Retrieved December 26, 2017.
^"Home". Indigenous Peoples Union of Niger Delta. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
^Minahan, James B. (2016). "Urhobo". Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. p.
442–443.
ISBN978-1-61069-954-9.
^Hazen, Jennifer M.; Jonas, Horner (2007). Small Arms, Armed Violence, and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Niger Delta in Perspective. Geneva, Switzerland:
Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. p. 127.
ISBN978-2-8288-0090-1.
JSTORresrep10752.
^Bamidele, Seun (2017). "The Resurgence of the Niger-Delta Avengers (NDAs) Group in the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. 24 (4): 537–552.
doi:
10.1163/15718115-02404003.
JSTOR26557931.
^"The group stated that its mission was to secede from Nigeria." Adunbi, Omolade (2022). "Flames of Wealth: Crude Enclaves and Imitative Technologies of Extraction". Enclaves of Exception: Special Economic Zones and Extractive Practices in Nigeria. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 133–165,
page 135.
ISBN978-0-253-05956-7.