Shi | |||||||||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 釋 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 释 | ||||||||||||
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Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||
Vietnamese | Thích | ||||||||||||
Korean name | |||||||||||||
Hangul | 석 | ||||||||||||
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Japanese name | |||||||||||||
Hiragana | しゃく | ||||||||||||
Shinjitai | 釈 | ||||||||||||
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In East Asian Buddhism, monks and nuns usually adopt a Buddhist surname and a Dharma name, which are combined in the surname-first East-Asian naming order. Since the 4th century the standard Buddhist surname has been Shi (Chinese: 釋, Korean: Seok, Vietnamese: Thích, [1] Japanese: Shaku), which is the first syllable of Shijiamouni, the Chinese word for Shakyamuni. [2] This practice was introduced by the Jin dynasty (266–420) monk Dao'an in around 370, when he stayed in Xiangyang, [3] and became general practice in China after 385. [2] Previously Chinese monks and nuns used several other Buddhist surnames, typically designating the ethnonational origin of their foreign preceptors. [2]
The most notable early surname was Zhu ( Chinese: 竺; pinyin: Zhú; Wade–Giles: Chu2; Jyutping: Zuk1), [4] which came from Tianzhu (the Chinese word for India). [5] Jingjian (292–361) or Zhu Jingjian was the first nun of China. Daosheng ( c. 360–434) or Zhu Daosheng was one of the last influential monks to use Zhu rather than Shi. [2]
Other Buddhist surnames included:
The adoption of a Buddhist surname signifies the ordinand's severance of family bonds and their full devotion to the teachings of the Buddha. [2]
Shi | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chinese name | |||||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 釋 | ||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 释 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||
Vietnamese | Thích | ||||||||||||
Korean name | |||||||||||||
Hangul | 석 | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Japanese name | |||||||||||||
Hiragana | しゃく | ||||||||||||
Shinjitai | 釈 | ||||||||||||
|
In East Asian Buddhism, monks and nuns usually adopt a Buddhist surname and a Dharma name, which are combined in the surname-first East-Asian naming order. Since the 4th century the standard Buddhist surname has been Shi (Chinese: 釋, Korean: Seok, Vietnamese: Thích, [1] Japanese: Shaku), which is the first syllable of Shijiamouni, the Chinese word for Shakyamuni. [2] This practice was introduced by the Jin dynasty (266–420) monk Dao'an in around 370, when he stayed in Xiangyang, [3] and became general practice in China after 385. [2] Previously Chinese monks and nuns used several other Buddhist surnames, typically designating the ethnonational origin of their foreign preceptors. [2]
The most notable early surname was Zhu ( Chinese: 竺; pinyin: Zhú; Wade–Giles: Chu2; Jyutping: Zuk1), [4] which came from Tianzhu (the Chinese word for India). [5] Jingjian (292–361) or Zhu Jingjian was the first nun of China. Daosheng ( c. 360–434) or Zhu Daosheng was one of the last influential monks to use Zhu rather than Shi. [2]
Other Buddhist surnames included:
The adoption of a Buddhist surname signifies the ordinand's severance of family bonds and their full devotion to the teachings of the Buddha. [2]